Ukuhlelwa kwedatha ebonakalayo

1. Ipropati: iikristale ezimhlophe ukuya kwezibomvu eziqhekekileyo, ezimnyama ngombala xa zigcinwe emoyeni ixesha elide.

2. Ubuninzi (g/mL, 20/4℃): 1.181.

3. Uxinano oluhambelanayo (20℃, 4℃): 1.25. 4.

Iqondo lokunyibilika (ºC): 122~123. 5.

Iqondo lokubila (ºC, kuxinzelelo lomoya): 285~286. 6.

6. i-flash point(ºC): 153. 7. ukunyibilika: akunyibiliki.

Ukunyibilika: ayinyibiliki emanzini abandayo, iyanyibilika emanzini ashushu, i-ethanol, i-ether, i-chloroform, i-benzene, i-glycerin kunye ne-lye [1].

Ukuhlelwa kwedatha

1, isalathisi sokuqaqamba kwe-Molar: 45.97

2. Umthamo we-molar (cm3/mol): 121.9

3, ivolumu ethile ye-Isotonic (90.2K): 326.1

4, Uxinzelelo lomphezulu (3.0 dyne/cm): 51.0

5, Umlinganiselo wePolarization (0.5 10-24cm3): 18.22 [1]

Indalo kunye nozinzo

hlela

1. Ityhefu ifana ne-phenol, kwaye iyinto erhabaxa ngakumbi. Icaphukisa kakhulu ulusu. Ifunxwa lula lusu. Inobungozi ekujikelezeni kwegazi nasezintsoni. Ukongeza, inokubangela umonakalo kwi-cornea. Nangona ubungakanani obubulalayo bungaziwa, kuye kwakho iimeko zokufa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwe-3 ukuya kwi-4g engaphandle. Izixhobo zemveliso kufuneka zivalwe kwaye zingavuzi, kwaye kufuneka zihlanjwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukuba zitshizwe eluswini. Iindawo zokusebenzela kufuneka zingene umoya kwaye izixhobo mazingabi namoya. Abaqhubi kufuneka banxibe izixhobo zokukhusela.

2. Iyatsha, umbala wokugcinwa ixesha elide uba mnyama kancinci kancinci, uzinze emoyeni, kodwa xa ubekwe elangeni uba mnyama kancinci kancinci. Ukufudumeza, kunye nevumba le-phenol elicaphukisayo.

3. ekhoyo kwigesi yolwelo. 4.

4. isisombululo samanzi sijika sibe luhlaza nge-ferric chloride [1].

Indlela yokugcina

hlela

1. Ifakwe iingxowa zeplastiki, iingxowa okanye iingxowa ezilukiweyo, ubunzima obupheleleyo yi-50kg okanye i-60kg ngengxowa nganye.

2. Indawo yokugcina kunye nokuthuthwa kufuneka kungatshi, kungangeni manzi, kungangeni manzi. Kugcinwe kwindawo eyomileyo, enomoya. Gcina kwaye uthuthe ngokwemigaqo yezinto ezinokutsha nezinobungozi.

Indlela yokwenziwa

hlela

1. Yenziwe nge-naphthalene ngokusebenzisa i-sulfonation kunye ne-alkali melting. I-Sulfonation alkali melting yindlela yokuvelisa esetyenziswa kakhulu ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, kodwa ukugqwala kukhulu, ixabiso liphezulu kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwe-oxygen emanzini amdaka kuphezulu. Indlela ye-2-isopropylnaphthalene eyenziwe yi-American Cyanamid Company ithatha i-naphthalene kunye ne-propylene njengezinto eziluhlaza, kwaye ivelisa i-2-naphthol kunye ne-acetone by-products ngaxeshanye, efana nemeko ye-phenol ngokusebenzisa indlela ye-isopropylbenzene. I-quota yokusetyenziswa kwezinto eziluhlaza: 1170kg/t i-naphthalene entle, i-1080kg/t i-sulfuric acid, i-700kg/t isoda eqinileyo ye-caustic.

2. Fudumeza i-naphthalene ecocekileyo enyibilikisiweyo ukuya kwi-140℃, kunye nomlinganiselo we-naphthalene:sulfuric acid = 1:1.085 (umlinganiselo we-molar), i-sulfuric acid engama-98% kwimizuzu engama-20, kunye ne-sulfuric acid engama-98% kwimizuzu engama-20.

Le mpendulo iya kuphela xa umxholo we-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid ufikelela ngaphezulu kwe-66% kwaye i-acidity iyonke yi-25%-27%, emva koko i-hydrolysis reaction iya kwenziwa kwi-160℃ kangangeyure eli-1, ii-naphthalenes zasimahla ziya kuphetshethwa ngumphunga wamanzi kwi-140-150℃, kwaye emva koko uxinano lwe-1.14 naphthalenes luya kongezwa kancinci kwaye ngokulinganayo kwi-80-90℃ kwangaphambili. Isisombululo se-sodium sulfite asisuswa de iphepha lovavanyo elibomvu laseCongo lingatshintshi luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Isiphumo segesi ye-sulfur dioxide eveliswa ngexesha elifanelekileyo ngokususwa komphunga, iimveliso ze-neutralization zipholiswe ukuya kwi-35 ~ 40 ℃ crystals zokupholisa, zifunxa iikristale kwisihluzo ngamanzi anetyuwa ayi-10%, zomile, zongezwe kwimeko enyibilikisiweyo ye-98% ye-sodium hydroxide kwi-300 ~ 310 ℃, zivuselela kwaye zigcine i-320 ~ 330 ℃, ukuze isiseko se-sodium 2-naphthalene sulfonate sidityaniswe kwi-2-naphthol sodium, uze usebenzise amanzi ashushu ukunyibilikisa isiseko, uze udlulele kwi-awa angentla. Nciphisa i-sulfur dioxide eveliswa yimpendulo, i-acidification reaction kwi-70 ~ 80 ℃ de i-phenolphthalein ingabi nambala. Iimveliso ze-acidification ziya kuba yi-static layering, umaleko ophezulu wolwelo ushushu ukuya ekubileni, u-static, wahlulwe ube ngumaleko wamanzi, imveliso engcolileyo ye-2-naphthol kuqala ishushu ngamanzi emzimbeni, uze emva koko i-decompression distillation, ingaba yimveliso ecocekileyo.

3. Indlela yokukhupha kunye nokwenza ikristale ukususa i-1-naphthol kwi-2-naphthol. Xuba i-2-naphthol kunye namanzi ngomlinganiselo othile uze ufudumale uye kwi-95℃, xa i-2-naphthol inyibilikisiwe, xuba umxube ngamandla uze wehlise ubushushu uye kwi-85℃ okanye ngaphezulu, pholisa imveliso ye-slurry ekristalekileyo ukuya kubushushu begumbi uze uyihluze. Umxholo we-1-naphthol unokulandeleka ngohlalutyo lobumsulwa. 4.

Iveliswa kwi-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid ngokunyibilika kwe-alkali [2].

Indlela yokugcina

hlela

1. Ifakwe iingxowa zeplastiki, iingxowa okanye iingxowa ezilukiweyo, ubunzima obupheleleyo yi-50kg okanye i-60kg ngengxowa nganye.

2. Indawo yokugcina kunye nokuthuthwa kufuneka kungatshi, kungangeni manzi, kungangeni manzi. Kugcinwe kwindawo eyomileyo, enomoya. Gcina kwaye uthuthe ngokwemigaqo yezinto ezinokutsha nezinobungozi.

Sebenzisa

hlela

1. Izinto ezibalulekileyo zendalo kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswa kwidayi, ezisetyenziswa ekwenziweni kwe-tartaric acid, i-butyric acid, i-β-naphthol-3-carboxylic acid, kwaye zisetyenziswa ekwenziweni kwe-antioxidant butyl, i-antioxidant DNP kunye nezinye ii-antioxidants, ii-organic pigments kunye nee-fungicides.

2. Isetyenziswa njenge-reagent yokumisela i-sulfonamide kunye ne-aromatic amines nge-thin layer chromatography. Ikwasetyenziswa kwi-organic synthesis.

3. Isetyenziselwa ukuphucula i-cathodic polarization, ukuphucula i-crystallization kunye nokunciphisa ubungakanani be-pore kwi-acidic tin plating. Ngenxa yendalo yale mveliso yokungangenisi amanzi, umxholo ogqithisileyo uya kubangela ukufuma kwe-gelatin kunye nemvula, okubangela imicu kwi-plating.

4. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso ye-acid orange Z, i-acid orange II, i-acid black ATT, i-acid mordant black T, i-acid mordant black A, i-acid mordant black R, i-acid complex pink B, i-acid complex red brown BRRW, i-acid complex black WAN, i-color phenol AS, i-color phenol AS-D, i-color phenol AS-OL, i-color phenol AS-SW, i-active bright orange X-GN, i-active bright orange K-GN, i-active red K-1613, i-active red K-1613, i-active bright orange X-GN, i-active bright orange K-GN. I-Neutral Purple BL, i-Neutral Black BGL, i-Direct Copper Salt Blue 2R, i-Direct Sunlight Resistant Blue B2PL, i-Direct Blue RG, i-Direct Blue RW kunye nezinye iidayi [2].

ULWAZI LWESIVUMELWANO