I-Acetonitrile, efinyeziweyo njenge-ACN, yeyona nitrile ilula kakhulu, idla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-methane cyanide kunye ne-methyl nitrile. Lulwelo olungenambala nolucacileyo kubushushu begumbi. Luyatshintshatshintsha kakhulu kwaye lunevumba elikhethekileyo leChemicalbook elifana ne-ether. Luyatsha kwaye luyatsha. Kukho ilangatye elikhanyayo. Ixutywa namanzi, i-methanol, i-carbon tetrachloride, i-methyl acetate, i-ethyl acetate, i-dichloroethane kunye nezinye izinyibilikisi ze-hydrocarbon ezingagcwaliyo.

Iipropati zeKhemikhali zeAcetonitrile

Inombolo ye-CAS 75-05-8

Ifomula yemolekyuliC2H3N

Ubunzima be-molecular 41.05

Inombolo ye-EINECS 200-835-2

Iqondo lokunyibilika -45°C (elikhanyayo)

Iqondo lokubila 81-82°C (elikhanyayo)

Uxinano 0.786g/mL kwi-25°C (elithayo)

Uxinano lomphunga 1.41 (vsair)

Uxinzelelo lomphunga 72.8mmHg (20°ChemicalbookC)

Isalathisi sokuhombisa n20/D1 .344(lit.)

Incopho yokutshaza 48°F

Iimeko zokugcina Gcina kwi+5°C ukuya+30°C.

Ukunyibilika Ukunyibilika kwizinyibilikisi zendalo

I-asidi coefficient (pKa) 25 (kwi-25°C)

Ulwelo lwefomu

I-Acetonitrile ineempawu ezibalaseleyo zokunyibilikisa kwaye iyinto ebalulekileyo kwi-organic intermediate. Kwi-synthesis, i-ACN idla ngokusetyenziswa njenge-reaction solvent. Yi-polar aprotic solvent kwaye ine-solvent effect efana ne-DMF okanye i-DMSO; i-acetonitrile inendawo yokubila ephantsi kwaye kulula ukuyisusa. I-solvent yeyona ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu yi-acetonitrile. Ingasetyenziswa njenge-solvent yokwenza i-vitamin A, i-cortisone, amayeza e-carbon amine kunye ne-intermediates zazo. Ikwasetyenziswa njenge-active medium solvent yokwenza i-vitamin B1 kunye ne-amino acids. Ingatshintsha i-chlorinated solvents. Isetyenziswa kwi-vinyl coatings, ikwasetyenziswa njenge-extractant ye-fatty acids, i-alcohol denaturant, i-butadiene extractant kunye ne-solvent ye-acrylonitrile synthetic fibers. Ikwasetyenziswa kakhulu ekudayweni kwelaphu, kushishino lokukhanyisa, ekwenzeni iziqholo kunye nakwimveliso yezinto ezibona ukukhanya.

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