Kwikota yokuqala, imakethi ye-aniline inyuke kakhulu, kwaye ixabiso eliphakathi lenyanga landa kancinci kancinci. Xa sithatha imakethi yaseMntla China njengomzekelo, eyona ndawo iphantsi kwikota yabonakala ngoJanuwari, ixabiso liyi-9550 yuan/ton, kwaye eyona ndawo iphezulu yabonakala ngoMatshi, ixabiso liyi-13300 yuan/ton, kwaye umahluko phakathi kwexabiso eliphezulu neliphantsi yayiyi-3750 yuan/ton. Eyona nto ilungileyo yokunyuka ukusuka ngoJanuwari ukuya kuMatshi yayivela kwicala lokubonelela kunye nemfuno. Kwelinye icala, kwikota yokuqala, iifektri ezinkulu zasekhaya zalungiswa kakhulu kwaye uluhlu lwempahla lwaphantsi. Kwelinye icala, ukubuyiselwa kwemfuno yesiphelo emva kweSpring Festival kuvelise inkxaso entle kwimakethi.

Ukusebenza kobonelelo kuyaqhubeka ukuxhasa amaxabiso e-aniline ukunyuka

Kwikota yokuqala, ukusebenza kwemarike ye-aniline kuyaqhubeka nokuba nzima ukunyusa ixabiso. Emva koSuku loNyaka oMtsha, imfuno yesitokhwe sangaphambi kweholide iyanda, ukunikezelwa kunye nemfuno ecaleni kwayo kwanda, ixabiso laqala ukubonakala liphantsi. Emva koMnyhadala weNtwasahlobo, ukuhlaziywa kwezixhobo ze-aniline zasekhaya kwanda. NgoFebruwari, umthwalo ngokubanzi weshishini le-aniline lasekhaya wawuyi-62.05%, wehla nge-15.05 yeepesenti ukusuka ngoJanuwari. Emva kokungena ngoMatshi, imfuno yesiphelo yabuya kakuhle. Nangona umthwalo wemizi-mveliso ubuyele kwi-74.15%, icala lokunikezelwa kunye nemfuno lisabonelela ngenkxaso ecacileyo kwimarike, kwaye ixabiso le-aniline lasekhaya lenyuka ngakumbi ngoMatshi. Ukusukela nge-31 kaMatshi, ixabiso lemarike eliphambili le-aniline eMntla China liyi-13250 yuan/ton, xa lithelekiswa ne-9650 yuan/ton ekuqaleni kukaJanuwari, ukunyuka okuhlangeneyo kwe-3600 yuan/ton, ukunyuka kwe-37.3%.

Ukukhutshwa komthamo omtsha we-aniline kuyaqhubeka nokuba nzima

Kwikota yokuqala ka-2023, imveliso ye-aniline yasekhaya yayimalunga neetoni ezingama-754,100, inyuka nge-8.3% kwikota nganye kunye ne-1.48% ngonyaka. Nangona kukho ukwanda kokunikezelwa, iyunithi ye-MDI ye-400,000-ton/ngonyaka yaseWanhua kwiPhondo laseFujian elisezantsi yaqaliswa ukusebenza ngoDisemba ka-2022, eyathi kancinci kancinci yajika yaba yesiqhelo emva kwekota yokuqala. Okwangoku, iyunithi ye-cyclohexylamine ye-70,000-ton/ngonyaka yaseWanhua eYantai yaqala ukusebenza ngoMatshi. Emva kokuba amandla amatsha emveliso eqalisiwe, imfuno ye-aniline yezinto ezikrwada ezantsi yanda kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, kwikota yokuqala yemarike ye-aniline iyonke isekwimeko yokunikezelwa okuncinci, kwaye emva koko inenkxaso enamandla yexabiso.

Umothuko wamaxabiso unamandla ngakumbi kwikota yokuqala Inzuzo yeshishini le-aniline inyuke kancinci kancinci

Inzuzo ye-aniline kwikota yokuqala ibonise ukunyuka okuqhubekekayo. Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuMatshi, xa sijonga iMpuma China njengomzekelo, inzuzo ephakathi yeenkampani ze-aniline zasekhaya yayiyi-2,404 yuan/ton, yehla nge-20.87% ngenyanga kunye ne-21.97% ngonyaka. Kwikota yokuqala, ngenxa yokungabikho kobonelelo olupheleleyo kwimarike ye-aniline yasekhaya, ixabiso ngokucacileyo laxhaswa ngumsantsa okhulayo wamaxabiso ngeemveliso ezisezantsi, kwaye inzuzo yeshishini yalungiswa kancinci kancinci. Njengoko imfuno yemarike yasekhaya neyeyokuthumela ngaphandle ye-aniline kwikota yokuqala nakwikota yesine ka-2022 yayilungile, inzuzo yeshishini yanda kakhulu. Ke ngoko, inzuzo ye-aniline kwikota yokuqala ka-2023 yehla ngokulandelelana.

Imfuno yangaphakathi yanda kwaye ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwehle kwikota yokuqala

Ngokwedatha yezerhafu kunye noqikelelo lolwazi lweZhuo Chuang, ukuthunyelwa kwe-aniline yasekhaya kwikota yokuqala ka-2023 kulindeleke ukuba kube malunga neetoni ezingama-40,000, okanye kwehle nge-1.3% ukusuka kwikota edlulileyo, okanye kwehle nge-53.97% ngonyaka. Nangona imveliso ye-aniline yasekhaya igcine umkhwa okhulayo kwikota yokuqala, ukuthunyelwa kwe-aniline kwikota yokuqala kunokubonisa ukwehla okuncinci kwikota edlulileyo ngenxa yokwanda okucacileyo kwemfuno yasekhaya kwaye akukho nzuzo icacileyo kwixabiso lemarike yokuthumela ngaphandle. Xa kuthelekiswa nekota yokuqala ka-2022, ngenxa yokwanda okucacileyo kwezinto eziluhlaza eYurophu kwikota yokuqala ka-2022, uxinzelelo lweendleko lwabavelisi be-aniline basekuhlaleni lwanda, kwaye imfuno yokungenisa iimveliso ze-aniline ezivela eTshayina yanda kakhulu. Phantsi kwenzuzo ecacileyo yexabiso lokuthumela ngaphandle, abavelisi be-aniline basekhaya babenomdla wokuthumela ngaphandle. Ngokukhutshwa kwamandla amatsha emveliso esezantsi eTshayina, umkhwa wokubonelela ngezixhobo zasekhaya ze-aniline uya kucaca ngakumbi. Kulindeleke ukuba imakethi yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe kwikota yesibini isenokuhlala ikwinqanaba eliphantsi xa unikezelo luncinci.

Ikota yesibini kulindeleke ukuba kubekho umsebenzi wokothuka obuthathaka

Kwikota yesibini, kulindeleke ukuba imakethi ye-aniline itshintshe. Ngasekupheleni kukaMatshi ixabiso le-aniline lifikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu, ingxabano yeempahla ezisezantsi ifumene, umngcipheko ophezulu wemarike unyuke ngo-Epreli waya kwinqanaba eliphezulu lokuhla ngokukhawuleza. Kwixesha elifutshane neliphakathi, iyunithi ye-aniline iqalise ukuvelisa kancinci kancinci kwaye isebenza kufutshane nomthwalo opheleleyo, kwaye icala lokubonelela ngemarike lidla ngokuba likhululekile. Nangona iHuatai iceba ukwenza uvavanyo nokulungisa ngo-Epreli, iFuqiang kunye neJinling baceba ukwenza uvavanyo nokulungisa ngoMeyi, emva kukaMeyi, ishishini lamatayara esiphelo lingena kwixesha lokungasebenzi, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu imfuno yeerabha ezincedisayo phantsi kwe-aniline, kwaye icala lokubonelela nemfuno yemarike ye-aniline liya kuba buthathaka kancinci kancinci. Ukusuka kwindlela yezinto ezikrwada, nangona ixabiso le-benzene ecocekileyo kunye ne-nitric acid lisaqinile, kodwa ngenxa yokuba inzuzo yangoku yeshishini le-aniline isatyebile, ngoko ke icala leendleko zonyuso oluhle okanye lilinganiselwe. Ngokubanzi, kwikota yesibini, phantsi kwemvelaphi yokubonelela nemfuno ebuthathaka, imakethi ye-aniline yasekhaya inokuqhuba lonke uluhlu lokuguquguquka.