Ingcaciso yeMveliso

Igama lemveliso: Benzyl chloride

Igama lesiNgesi: Benzyl chloride

CAS No.100-44-7

I-Benzyl chloride, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-benzyl chloride kunye ne-toluene chloride, lulwelo olungenambala kunye nevumba elibukhali elibukhali. Iyaxubana kunye nezinyibilikisi eziphilayo ezifana nekloroform, i-ethanol, kunye ne-ether. Ayinyibiliki emanzini kodwa inokujika ibe ngumphunga ngomphunga wamanzi. Umphunga wayo uyacaphukisa kwiinwebu zamehlo kwaye unamandla okukhupha iinyembezi. Kwangaxeshanye, i-benzyl chloride ikwayindawo ephakathi kwi-organic synthesis kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-synthesis yedayi, amayeza okubulala izitshabalalisi, amavumba okwenziwa, izinto zokucoca, iiplasticizers, kunye namayeza.

Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokudibanisa i-benzyl chloride, ngokukodwa kubandakanywa indlela ye-benzyl alcohol chlorination, indlela ye-chloromethyl, indlela ye-toluene catalytic chlorination, njl. Yeyona ndlela yokuqala yokwenziwa kwe-benzyl chloride. Indlela ye-chloromethyl ikwayindlela yokuqala yoshishino. Izinto zayo ezikrwada yibenzene nebenzaldehyde (okanye i-trimerformaldehyde). I-anhydrous zinc chloride isetyenziswa njenge-catalyst. I-catalytic chlorination ye-toluene okwangoku yindlela eqhelekileyo yokuvelisa i-benzyl chloride, kwaye i-catalytic chlorination ye-toluene inokwahlulwa ibe yi-photocatalytic chlorination kunye ne-low-temperature catalytic chlorination. Nangona kunjalo, indlela ye-photocatalytic chlorination idinga ukufakwa komthombo wokukhanya ngaphakathi kwesixhobo, esineempawu zobunzima bokulawula ukusabela, iimpendulo ezininzi zecala, kunye neendleko eziphezulu. Indlela ephantsi yobushushu be-catalytic chlorination isebenzisa enye okanye ngaphezulu ye- dibenzoyl peroxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, kunye ne-acetamide njenge-catalyst yokusabela kwi-toluene kunye ne-chlorine kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi, usebenzisa ubushushu obuphantsi kunye neklorini Lawula izinga lokuphendula ukuphucula izinga lokuguqulwa kunye nokukhetha, kodwa iimeko ezithile. kusafuneka kuphononongwe.

Iqondo lobushushu le-benzyl chloride liqhutywa kwi-distillation kwi-100°C kwaye akufunekanga libe ngaphezulu kwe-170°C. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-benzyl chloride yinto engeva bubushushu. Ukuba ubushushu buphezulu kakhulu, i-self-polymerization reaction iya kwenzeka. Ukuba impendulo inobundlobongela kakhulu, kuya kubakho ingozi yoDubulo. Ke ngoko, i-distillation ye-benzyl chloride ekrwada kufuneka yenziwe phantsi koxinzelelo olubi. Ngexesha elifanayo, kuyimfuneko ukulawula umxholo we-ion yensimbi kwisisombululo se-chlorination, kuba i-benzyl chloride iya kusabela kwi-Krafts-Kreider phambi kwee-ion zetsimbi kunye nokushisa okuphezulu, kunye ne-resinous substance iya kuveliswa, eya kubangela. ulwelo ukuya Umbala uba mnyama kwaye isixa esikhulu segesi yehydrogen chloride ikhutshwa.

Usetyenziso

I-Benzyl chloride yinto ebalulekileyo ephakathi. Imveliso yoshishino lulwelo olungenambala okanye oluthubi olukhanyayo olucacileyo olunevumba elibukhali kunye nokuhlwa okunamandla. Inokunyibilika kwizinyibilikisi eziphilayo ezifana ne-ether, i-chloroform, kunye ne-chlorobenzene. I-Benzyl chloride isetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini. Ubukhulu becala isetyenziswa kwimichiza yokubulala izinambuzane, amayeza, iziqholo, izinto ezincedisa idayi, nezinto ezincedisayo zokwenziwa. Isetyenziselwa ukuphuhlisa nokuvelisa i-benzaldehyde, i-butyl benzyl phthalate, i-aniline, i-phoxim, kunye ne-benzyl chloride. Penicillin, utywala benzyl, phenylacetonitrile, phenylacetic acid kunye nezinye iimveliso.

I-Benzyl chloride yeyodidi lwe-benzyl halide yeekhompawundi ezicaphukisayo. Ngokumalunga nezibulali zinambuzane, ayinako ukudibanisa ngqo i-organophosphorus fungicides rice blast net kunye ne-iso rice blast net, kodwa ingasetyenziswa njengento ebalulekileyo ekrwada kwezinye izinto eziphakathi, ezifana ne-synthesis ye-phenylacetonitrile kunye ne-benzene. I-Formyl chloride, i-m-phenoxybenzaldehyde, njl. Ukongeza, i-benzyl chloride isetyenziswa kakhulu kumayeza, iziqholo, i-dayi encedisayo, i-synthetic resins, njl. Emva koko ulwelo lwenkunkuma okanye inkunkuma eveliswa ngamashishini ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa ngokuqinisekileyo iqulethe inani elikhulu le-benzyl chloride intermediates.

I-Benzyl chloride ngokwayo ibangela ukukrazula, ityhefu kakhulu, i-carcinogenic, kwaye iyaqhubeka nokusingqongileyo. Ekubeni i-benzyl chloride ngokwayo isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwaye isetyenziswe kwiimali ezinkulu, i-benzyl chloride ivuza ngexesha lokuthutha okanye iveliswa ngabavelisi abahlukeneyo. Ulwelo lwenkunkuma oluqulethe i-benzyl chloride eziswa lishishini ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa okanye inkunkuma ilahlwe ngokuthe ngqo, okanye ukuvuza kwenzeka ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa, okuya kubangela ngokuthe ngqo ukuba i-benzyl chloride ingene emhlabeni kwaye ekugqibeleni ingcolise umhlaba.

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