NgoSeptemba, ushicilelo lwasekhaya kunye neshishini lokudaya lingene kwincopho yesiqhelo "yesithoba segolide kunye nesilivere elishumi". Iqhutywa ngawo omabini amaxabiso anyukayo ezinto eziluhlaza kunye nemfuno eyandayo evela kumashishini asezantsi njengeshishini lelaphu, intengiso ye-disperse dyestuff iqalisile ukuphinda ibuyele, ngamaxabiso enyuka ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti kwaye kwakhona ngoSeptemba. Iinkampani ezininzi zedayi ziye zadiza ukuba zisemngciphekweni wokunyusa amaxabiso azo.

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Ngokomthombo, inkampani ekhokelayo yedayi, inkampani yoshishino lwe-mit-ivy, ngoku ibonelela ngeeyuan ezingama-32,000 ngetoni nganye kwiidayi ezinkulu ezisasazwayo, ukusuka kwelona xabiso lisezantsi le-yuan engama-22,000 kwisiqingatha sokuqala salo nyaka. Kukho imvakalelo jikelele kwishishini ukuba umjelo wexabiso eliphezulu kwimarike yedayi ivuliwe.

Kuqikelelwa ukuba kwikota yesine ye-2020, nangona imfuno kwimarike yedayi ayikho ngcono kuneminyaka edlulileyo, kulindeleke ukuba iphucule kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa neekota ezintathu zokuqala. Njengoko lo bhubhani uqhubeka uphucuka, iiodolo ezivela kwimizi-mveliso yokushicilela nezokudaya ziya kwanda, kwaye umkhwa wokushicilela kunye nokudaya iifektri zokugcwalisa uluhlu lwazo kunye nokuthenga ngokwemfuno.

Kwisiqingatha sokuqala sikaSeptemba, imvelaphi ephambili ye-Zhejiang kunye ne-Jiangsu yasasaza i-ECT300% ye-market ye-market ye-market market malunga ne-32 yuan / kg, uthethwano olulodwa lwangempela kwi-27-28 yuan / kg; Guangdong, ummandla Fujian ukuthethathethana ngexabiso yuan 32/kg kufutshane.

Inani lamashishini edaystuff abonise ukuba ngenxa yokunyuka kwexabiso le-core intermediate ye-dyestuff, ixabiso leentlobo eziphambili ze-disperse dyestuff linyuke laya kwi-32,000 yuan / toni, kodwa ixabiso lentengiselwano alikafiki, ngakumbi ngenxa yokuba indala. imiyalelo kufuneka iphunyezwe ngokwexabiso langaphambili. Nangona kukho ukunyuka kwexabiso, xa kuthelekiswa nomjikelo wembali, ixabiso ukusuka ekuqaleni konyaka ukuya kwisiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka kwinqanaba eliphantsi kwiminyaka emibini okanye emithathu edlulileyo, ngoko emva kwemijikelo emininzi yokunyuka kwexabiso, ixabiso ngoku kuphela kwinqanaba eliphakathi. Amaxabiso aphantsi kulo nyaka aphakathi kwama-22,000 kunye nama-23,000 ngexabiso lentengiselwano yetoni nganye.

Okwangoku, abavelisi basekhaya kuphela abavelisa ii-IED yinkampani ye-Mit-ivy Industry kunye ne-east ivy chemical company, kunye ne-east ivy chemical company kufuneka ukuba bayeke imveliso ngoJulayi ngenxa yeengxaki zolawulo lokhuseleko, kwaye bagqibe ukulungiswa kunye nokwamkelwa ngaphambi kwe-9 ka-Oktobha. emva koko kuqalise kwakhona imveliso emva kokuba kuphunyeziwe ulwamkelo olulandelayo, yiNkampani yeMit-ivy Industry kuphela, evelisa idayi ephakathi kwe-meso-phenylenediamine, ibambe ngaphezulu kwe-99% yesabelo semarike, inyusa ukunqongophala konikezelo lwemarike.

Ukusukela ngoJulayi kulo nyaka, ixabiso leM-Phenylenediamine linyuke laya kutsho kuma-70,000 yuan ngetoni, okanye ngaphezulu kwe-15%. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ixabiso ngetoni ye-M-Phenylenediamine lifikelele phezulu kwi-yuan ye-150,000, kwaye kubonakala ngathi kukho indawo yokunyuka kwamaxabiso.

Ngoku, njengoko imfuno esezantsi ikhula ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye amaxabiso ezinto eziluhlaza ezifana ne-is-phenylenediamine, i-cobalt chloride kunye ne-cobalt sulfate ziyenyuka, iindleko ezikhulayo zikhuthaze inani labenzi bedayi ukuba banyuse amaxabiso abo. Amaxabiso amadayi asasaza ngoku akwinqanaba eliphezulu, kodwa asephantsi ukuya kwinqanaba eliphakathi xa kuthelekiswa namaxabiso embali. Umgaqo-nkqubo wohlengahlengiso lwexabiso lwamashishini anyukayo anokubangela ukuba abathengisi bazalise kwakhona uluhlu lwempahla okanye isitokhwe kwangaphambili.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba, ngokutsho komthombo, inkampani yeekhemikhali ze-East ivy, umthengisi omkhulu we-mesophenylenediamine e-China kunye nomthamo wonyaka weetoni ze-15,000, iphinde yaqala ukuveliswa ekupheleni kukaMeyi kulo nyaka kwaye isanda kumisa imveliso. Isizathu kukuba inkampani yeekhemikhali zase-East ivy yafunyaniswa ineengxaki ezinzulu kulawulo lokhuseleko, utyalo-mali lokhuseleko kunye noqeqesho lwabasebenzi kunye nemfundo ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwe-"Casting Safety 2020" kwiphondo laseSichuan, kwaye yacelwa ukuba iyeke imveliso ngoJulayi kwaye igqibezele ukulungiswa kunye ukwamkelwa ngaphambi ko-Oktobha 9. Ukuqaliswa kwakhona kwemveliso kubangele inkxalabo malunga nokuzinza kokunikezelwa kwe-mesophenylenediamine.

Iiodolo ezisuka kumazantsi omlambo kunye nemishini yokuprinta sele ibuyile, ngoko ke ukusetyenziswa kwabo kwemathiriyeli ekrwada nako kuyakhula, nto leyo ebabangela ukuba baphinde bazalise izitokhwe zabo. Kwaye emva kokunyuka kwamaxabiso amabini ngo-Agasti noSeptemba, abathengi abasezantsi baya kuba noloyiko lokuba ixabiso liya kuqhubeka nokunyuka, ngoko eli xesha baya kuya ukutshixa inxalenye yempahla ekrwada kade, ekhokelela kwinjongo yokuthenga yakutshanje. ukuphucula.

Ingxelo yoshishino lwe-mit-ivy, Okwangoku, i-China ngowona mvelisi mkhulu wedayi, amashishini edayi agxininiswe kakhulu eZhejiang, eJiangsu naseShanghai, imvelaphi emithathu ephambili, ukuveliswa kwayo kunye nokuthunyelwa kwedayi kubalelwa ngaphezu kwe-90% yemarike yelizwe. umthamo. Abavelisi abahamba phambili yiMit-ivy Industry Company, Runtu, Yabang, Jihua Group, Anocy, njl., abanelungelo lokuthetha kwimarike.

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Ngomgangatho weprimiyamu kunye nexabiso kwaye wamkelekile ukubonisana.

Njengenye yeenkampani zaseTshayina eziphezulu ezingama-500 ezenza imveliso, iMit-ivy Industry Company inomthamo wonyaka wokuvelisa iitoni ezingama-300,000 zedayi kunye ne-100,000 yeetoni zezongezo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yeyona mveliso yedayi inkulu ehlabathini. Ngeetoni ezingama-80,000 zomthamo wemveliso kunye neetoni eziphantse zibe ngama-20,000 zezinye iidayi, inesabelo esikhulu sesibini kwimarike yedayi yasekhaya. Iqela leJihua, elikwinqanaba lesithathu kwishishini ngokwemveliso yedayi esasazwayo, okwangoku linomthamo weetoni ezingama-70,000 zedayi ezisasaza, iitoni ezingama-15,000 zedayi ezisebenzayo kunye neetoni eziyi-10,000 zezinye iidayi.

Ngokohlalutyo olwenziwe yi-Inner Mongolia Chemical Industry WeChat, ixabiso ledayi esasazwayo liphantsi kakhulu kwiminyaka emithathu edlulileyo, ngelixa iidayi ezisebenzayo zikwindawo ephantsi kakhulu kwiminyaka eyi-10 edlulileyo. Ngeenkampani ezininzi zedayi ezisemngciphekweni welahleko, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kuphela kwendlela yokuzisindisa. Kwixesha elizayo, kusekho indawo yokunyuka kwamaxabiso kwimarike yedayi, kwaye amashishini okushicilela kunye nokudaya ayacetyiswa ukuba agcine isitokhwe kwangaphambili.

Izibonelelo zobunjineli zokukhuselwa kwendalo, umcimbi wokuphila kunye nophuhliso

Iinkampani zokudaya kunye nokushicilela kufuneka zikhethe iteknoloji efanelekileyo

Ukususwa kwe-COD enzulu kunye nokuguqulwa kombala wokuprinta kunye nokudaya amanzi amdaka

Ukudaya amanzi amdaka yenye yezona zinto ziyingozi kwimizi-mveliso yamanzi amdaka, ikakhulu kwimveliso yedayi kunye nedayi ephakathi, ebandakanya utywala bukamama obusuka kwikristale yeemveliso ezahlukeneyo kunye neziphakathi, izinto ezilahlekileyo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa kunye namanzi amdaka ekuhlambeni umhlaba. Njengoko ishishini lokushicilela nelokudaya liqhubeka likhula, ukuveliswa kwalo ngamanzi amdaka kuye kwaba ngowona mthombo uphambili wokungcoliswa kwamanzi.

Ngokwabasebenzi bobuchwephesha beJiangsu Hapu Functional Materials Co., Ltd, iChina lilizwe elikhulu elivelisa idayi, kwaye imveliso yedayi yelaphu iphuhla ngokukhawuleza kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kunye nemveliso yedayi yaseTshayina ifikelela kwiitoni ezingama-900,000, ibalelwa malunga nama-60. Ipesenti yemveliso yedayi yehlabathi. Ngokweempawu ezahlukeneyo zedayi, iidayi zinokuhlelwa ngokweendidi ezahlukeneyo ngokwemichiza yazo: iidayi ze-azo, idayi ye-anthraquinone, idayi ye-indigo, idayi yesulfure, idayi yequinine, idayi ye-triarylmethane, idayi ye-heterocyclic.

Nangona kunjalo, amanzi amdaka aqulathe ezi dayi ezisebenza ngokunyibilika emanzini ngomnye wamanzi amdaka anzima ukuwaphatha, kwaye iinkqubo zokucocwa kwamanzi ngokwesiko azisebenzi kakhulu ekunyangeni ezi dayi. Uninzi lweedayi eziqulethe isinyithi esinzima ziqulethe i-chromium, eyi-carcinogenic, iidayi ezisasazwayo azikho njenge-ion kwisisombululo, iidayi ezininzi ezisasazwayo zi-bioaccumulative, kwaye idayi ezisasazwayo zizinzile ngokwekhemikhali kwaye zingonakali, ke ngoko, iinkqubo zonyango lwebhayoloji yemveli azikho. isebenza kakhulu ekususeni iidayi ezisasaza

I. Iimpawu zokuprinta kunye nokudaya amanzi amdaka

Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-dyestuff, njenge-sulfonation, i-nitrification, i-diazotization, ukunciphisa, i-oxidation kunye ne-asidi (ityuwa) ukuhlukana, inani elikhulu lokungcola kuveliswa.

Kuqikelelwa ukuba i-90% yezinto ezingaphiliyo kunye ne-10% ~ 30% yezinto eziphilayo kwimveliso ye-dyestuffs zikhutshelwa emanzini.

Amanzi amdaka edayi anezi mpawu zilandelayo.

1

(2) Izinto zedayi kunye neemolekyuli eziphakathi zihlala ziqulethe amaqela e-polar, okwandisa ukunyibilika kwamanzi kwaye kubangele ilahleko enkulu yezinto ngenxa yenkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nesakhiwo se-molecular.

(3) Amanzi amdaka edayi ahlala eneasidi, kodwa anealkali, kwaye aqulathe isiqulatho setyuwa ngokubanzi.

4

(5) Umbala kunye nokubengezela kwamanzi amdaka okudaya ngokuqhelekileyo kumnyama, yaye imichiza yendalo imbi. Ukongezelela, amanzi amdaka kwinkqubo yokushicilela iqulethe inani elikhulu le-dyestuffs kunye nabancedisi kunye nenani elikhulu le-slurries, ngoko ke i-BOD5 kunye ne-COD yamanzi amdaka iphakamileyo.

Okwesibini, unyango lokuprinta kunye nokudaya amanzi amdaka

1. Indlela yokwahlula i-Membrane

Indlela yokwahlukana kweMembrane kukusetyenziswa kweefilimu ezikhethekileyo kulwelo olukhethiweyo lokungena kumacandelo athile endlela ngokubanzi, iindlela ezixhaphakileyo zokwahlula inwebu yi-dialysis, i-electrodialysis, i-ultrafiltration kunye ne-osmosis eguqukayo, kodwa itekhnoloji yokwahlula inwebu ngenxa yoxinaniso lwe-polarization eyahlukileyo. , ungcoliseko inwebu kunye nexabiso inwebu ezibizayo, ukutshintshwa frequency ngokukhawuleza, ukuze iindleko unyango phezulu, ngaloo ndlela ithintela ngokunzulu iteknoloji yokwahlula inwebu ukwenzela izicelo ezinkulu-scale zoshishino.

2. Indlela yokukhupha

Indlela yokukhupha ukunyanga amanzi amdaka edayi kukusetyenziswa kokunganyibilikiyo okanye okunganyibilikiyo kwisinyibilikisi samanzi ukukhupha iimolekyuli zedayi emanzini. Iindlela zokutsalwa ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziyisisombululo sesisombululo, i-electrophoretic extraction, indlela ye-membrane yolwelo.

3. Indlela yokusasazeka kwemitha

Imitha yeMicrowave yindlela yokusasazeka kwemitha edla ngokusetyenziswa kunyango lwamanzi amdaka edayi, kodwa owona mceli mngeni uphambili wobu bugcisa busetyenziselwa ukuvelisa amasuntswana anamandla aphezulu ezixhobo ezibizayo, iimfuno eziphakamileyo zobugcisa, kunye nendlela yokusetyenziswa kwamandla amakhulu, izinga lokusetyenziswa kwamandla. phantsi; ukongeza ukuphepha ubungozi bemitha emzimbeni womntu, kodwa kufuneka kwakhona amanyathelo akhethekileyo okhuseleko. Ke ngoko, umthetho oza kufakwa ekusebenzeni, nawo kufuneka wenze uphando oluninzi kunye nomsebenzi wokuhlola.

4. Indlela ye-oxidation

Indlela ye-oxidation ikwayindlela eqhelekileyo yonyango lwamanzi amdaka aqulethe idayi, ikakhulu kubandakanywa indlela ye-oxidation yobushushu obuphezulu, indlela ye-chemical oxidation kunye nendlela ye-photocatalytic oxidation.

5. Ukuqina

I-coagulation yindlela eqhelekileyo yonyango lwamanzi amdaka, ngakumbi indlela yokudibanisa kunye ne-sedimentation, i-coagulation kunye ne-air flotation.

6. Iindlela zebhayoloji

Indlela yebhayoloji isetyenziswa kakhulu kumanzi amdaka edayi. Indlela yebhayoloji ineenzuzo zesiphumo esihle sonyango kunye neendleko eziphantsi zokusebenza, kodwa ngenxa yezizathu zobugcisa, indlela ayizinzile kwaye ayisebenzi ngokubanzi, kwaye ichaphazeleka kakhulu yimiba yangaphandle, ngoko ke ithintelwe kwisicelo esisebenzayo ukuya kwinqanaba elithile. .

7. Indlela ye-Adsorption

Ukusebenza kwe-adsorption kuthonywa yizinto ezininzi ze-physicochemical, ezifana nedayi - i-adsorbent interaction, indawo ethile yendawo ye-adsorbent, i-particle size ye-adsorbent, iqondo lokushisa, ixabiso le-pH kunye nexesha le-adsorption.

Iimfuno zabathengi bamashishini

Ubume bamanzi amdaka edayi kukuba ayinakunyangwa ngeendlela zemveli ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokukhutshwa, ngoko ke, indlela yokubhengeza ephuhliswe yiHapu Functional Materials ingasetyenziselwa ukuphatha olu hlobo lwamanzi amdaka ukuphumeza ukulingana phakathi kwesiphumo sonyango kunye neendleko zoqoqosho. .

Iimfuno zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka zabathengi bamashishini abavelisa amanzi amdaka edayi ziquka ezi ngongoma zintathu zilandelayo.

(1) Ukususwa okusebenzayo nozinzileyo kweCOD kunye nechromaticity ukusuka kumanzi amdaka acociweyo ukuya ngaphantsi komda wokukhutshelwa.

(2) Iindleko eziphantsi zotyalo-mali lwexesha elinye, iindleko eziphantsi zokusebenza kunye nokusebenza ngokulula kunye nokugcinwa kwezixhobo.

(3) Inkqubo ephuculweyo nethembekileyo, akukho ungcoliseko lwesibini.

D. Hapo yoshicilelo kunye nokudaya abenzi inkqubo yokucoca amanzi amdaka kunye namatyala isicelo

Umgaqo wenkqubo ye-adsorption ye-Hapu kukukhetha ngokukhethiweyo amacandelo okanye izinto eziza kususwa ngokusebenzisa i-adsorbent ekhethekileyo eyenziwe yinkampani yethu, kwaye xa i-adsorption ihlutha, i-adsorbent iya kuchithwa ngokusebenzisa i-desorbent ethile ukuvuselela i-adsorbent.

Hapo yoshicilelo kunye nokudaya abenzi inkqubo yokucoca amanzi amdaka kunye namatyala isicelo

1. Ishishini elikwiPhondo laseShandong lifuna umxholo weCOD kumanzi amdaka acociweyo ube ngaphantsi kwe-500mg/L. Isiphumo solingo sonyango sibonisa ukuba i-COD kumanzi amdaka inokuba ngaphantsi kwe-500mg/L ngokusebenzisa unyango lwe-adsorption.

Isiphumo sonyango lwe-adsorption yamanzi amdaka edayi iboniswe kwitheyibhile.

I-COD kumanzi amdaka inokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokukhutshwa emva konyango lwe-adsorption. Eli shishini lamkele i-adsorbent kunye nephakheji yenkqubo yeJiangsu Hapu Functional Materials Co.

Amanzi amdaka avelisiweyo kwinkqubo yokuveliswa kweshishini lokuprinta kunye nokudaya, emva kwe-biochemical kunye nokuhluzwa okuhlukeneyo, i-COD yamanzi amdaka isephezulu kakhulu kuneemfuno zokukhutshwa kunye nobukhulu bombala buphezulu, ngoko ke unyango olongezelelweyo luyafuneka. Amanzi amdaka avavanywa ngezinto ezikhethekileyo ze-adsorbent zeHapu, kwaye iziphumo zibonisa ukuba izinto eziphilayo ezingenakonakala kumanzi amdaka zinokwahlulwa ngamabomu kumanzi amdaka kwaye i-adsorbed effluent inokuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokukhutshwa.

Ishishini lamalaphu linokuvelisa ~ 2500t amanzi amdaka yonke imihla kwinkqubo yemveliso. Umgaqo-nkqubo umisela ukuba umlinganiselo wokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwamanzi amdaka kushishino lokuprinta nokudaya kufuneka lufikelele kwi-60%, kwaye inkqubo ekhoyo yokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka yeli shishini ine-COD yamanzi enomsila ogqithisileyo webhayoloji kwaye ayikwazi ukufikelela kumgangatho wokusetyenziswa kwakhona.

Ngokweemfuno zemveliso yeshishini, amanzi amdaka angaphathwa ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ze-adsorbent ezikhethekileyo ze-Hapu kunye nenkqubo ye-adsorption ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusetyenziswa kwakhona, ezinokusombulula iingxaki zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kwishishini kwaye kwangaxeshanye inciphise iindleko unyango lokukhutshwa kwamanzi amdaka kunye neendleko zokuzalisa kwakhona amanzi amatsha, anexabiso elicacileyo kwezoqoqosho.

Eyona meko yokusetyenziswa kwe-adsorbent yokuprinta kunye nokudaya unyango lwamanzi amdaka

isicelo sentsimi

Iinzuzo eziphambili zeV. Hapu

Iindlela zangoku zokunyanga amanzi amdaka edayi zineentsilelo zazo, zombini ngokwesiphumo sonyango kunye neendleko zabo zokusebenza.

Indlela yokwahlula i-Membrane ineengxaki zongcoliseko lwe-membrane kunye ne-membrane ebiza kakhulu, i-frequency replacement frequency kunye neendleko eziphezulu zonyango.

Ukungalungi kwendlela yokukhutshwa kukusetyenziswa okukhulu kwe-extractant, kwaye ukuhlukana kwe-extractant kunzima kakhulu, ixabiso eliphezulu ngetoni yonyango lwamanzi, ayikwazi ukuba yimali eninzi yonyango oluqhubekayo.

Indlela yokukhutshwa kwemitha ayikabikho iteknoloji eqolileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kuphantsi; ngaphezu kokuphepha imiphumo eyingozi yemitha emzimbeni womntu, kodwa kufuneka kwakhona amanyathelo okukhusela akhethekileyo.

I-coagulation, i-oxidation kunye neendlela ze-biological azikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokukhutshwa kanye, kwaye azikwazi ukukhutshwa ngendlela ezinzileyo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, indlela ye-adsorption inokususa ngokufanelekileyo i-organics kumanzi amdaka edayi ukuya ngaphantsi kwexabiso elilinganiselweyo lokukhupha, eyona ndlela yoqoqosho kunye nesebenzayo yokuphatha amanzi amdaka edayi.

Iinzuzo zendlela ye-adsorption ziquka ezi zilandelayo.

(1) Ukuthotyelwa okuzinzileyo kunye nemigangatho yokukhutshwa, enokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo uxinzelelo ekukhuselweni kokusingqongileyo kweshishini.

(2) Yenza imifuniselo kwiisampulu zamanzi amdaka avelisiweyo kwisiza, yila inkqubo yobhengezo esekwe kubuchwephesha kunye nemifuniselo, nokufikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu lokumatanisa phakathi kwamanzi amdaka kunye nenkqubo.

(3) Isixhobo sikwindawo yezoqoqosho, sinesakhiwo esincinci kunye notyalo-mali oluphantsi kulwakhiwo kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza; i-desorbent isetyenziswe ngamaxesha amaninzi kwaye iyancipha inyathelo ngesinyathelo, kunye nesantya esiphezulu sokusetyenziswa kwe-arhente kunye neendleko zokusebenza eziphantsi.

(4) Amacandelo emodyuli anokuthi aphunyezwe ngendlela yeemodyuli, ezinokuthi zilungelelaniswe ngokuguquguqukayo ngokuhambelana nomthamo wokuvelisa kwaye kulula ukuzifaka.

(5) Itekhnoloji ephezulu kunye nevuthiweyo, akukho ungcoliseko lwesibini, olunamandla obugcisa obunamandla kunye namava atyebileyo kwizicelo zobunjineli.

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