1. Isishwankathelo sedatha yokungenisa kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle

Ngo-Okthobha ka-2023, isiseko se-oyile yaseTshayina yayiziitoni ezingama-61,000, ukuhla kweetoni ezingama-100,000 ukusuka kwinyanga edlulileyo, okanye i-61.95%. Umthamo wokungenisa elizweni owongezelelekileyo ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya ku-Oktobha ka-2023 wawuyi-1.463 yezigidi zeetoni, ukuncipha kweetoni ezingama-83,000, okanye i-5.36%, ukusuka kwixesha elifanayo kunyaka ophelileyo.

Ngo-Okthobha ka-2023, isiseko se-oyile saseTshayina sithumela ngaphandle kweetoni ezingama-25,580.7, ukwanda kweetoni ezingama-21,961 ukusuka kwinyanga ephelileyo, ukuhla kwe-86.5%. Umthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle owongezelelweyo ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya ku-Oktobha ka-2023 wawuyi-143,200 yeetoni, ukwanda kweetoni ze-2.1, okanye i-17.65%, ukusuka kwixesha elifanayo kunyaka ophelileyo.

2. Imiba enempembelelo

Izinto ezisuka kwamanye amazwe: Ukungenisa elizweni kwehlile ngo-Okthobha, kwehle nge-62%, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba: Ngo-Oktobha, amaxabiso e-oyile kumazwe ngamazwe aphezulu, iindleko zemveliso yokucocwa nazo ziphezulu, abarhwebi kunye noxinzelelo lweendleko zokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, kunye nemfuno yemarike yasekhaya ayinamandla, ngakumbi kufuneka nje ukuthenga ubukhulu becala, urhwebo ludikidiki, ngoko akukho njongo yokungenisa, iitheminali kunye nokunye ukuthenga ikakhulu kwimfuno, ngoko umthamo yokungenisa lehle kakhulu, kuquka ukungenisa eMzantsi Korea yawa kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa ngoSeptemba, ukunciphisa 58%.

Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe: Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kuphinde kwavela kwinqanaba eliphantsi ngo-Okthobha, ngokunyuka kwe-606.9%, kunye nezibonelelo ezingaphezulu zathunyelwa eSingapore naseIndiya.

3. Intsalela yezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle

Ngo-Okthobha ka-2023, ukuthengiswa kwe-oyile yesiseko yaseTshayina yayiziitoni ezingama-36,000, kunye nesantya sokukhula kwe-77.3%, kwaye izinga lokukhula lehle ngamapesenti angama-186 ukusuka kwinyanga ephelileyo, ebonisa ukuba umthamo wangoku wokungenisa i-oyile yesiseko inqanaba lokunciphisa.

4. Ubume bokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle

4.1 Ukungenisa elizweni

4.1.1 Ilizwe lemveliso kunye nentengiso

Ngo-Okthobha ka-2023, isiseko se-oyile yase-China ngemveliso/manani engingqi, abekwe kwindawo ezintlanu eziphezulu zezi: South Korea, Singapore, Qatar, Thailand, China Taiwan. Ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kula mazwe mahlanu kwakungama-55,000 eetoni, kubalelwa malunga ne-89.7% yexabiso elithengiweyo lenyanga, ukuhla kwe-5.3% ukusuka kwinyanga edlulileyo.

4.1.2 Indlela yorhwebo

Ngo-Okthobha wama-2023, isiseko se-oyile yaseTshayina ibalwe ngokwendlela yorhwebo, kunye norhwebo ngokubanzi, ukungenisa kunye nokuthumela iimpahla kumazwe angaphandle ukusuka kwiindawo ezidityanisiweyo zokubeka iliso, kunye nokuqhuba urhwebo lwemathiriyeli engenayo njengeendlela ezintathu eziphezulu zorhwebo. Isixa sokungeniswa kweendlela ezintathu zokurhweba ziitoni ezingama-60,900, zibalelwa malunga ne-99.2% yazo zonke izinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle.

4.1.3 Indawo yobhaliso

Ngo-Okthobha wama-2023, isiseko se-oyile saseTshayina singeniswa ngaphandle ngokweenkcukacha-manani zobhaliso, ezona zintlanu ziphezulu zezi: Tianjin, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Liaoning. Umthamo uwonke kula maphondo mahlanu ubeziitoni ezingama-58,700, ezibalelwa kuma-95.7%.

4.2 Ukuthumela ngaphandle

4.2.1 Ilizwe lemveliso kunye nentengiso

Ngo-Okthobha ka-2023, isiseko se-oyile yaseTshayina ethunyelwa ngaphandle ngemveliso/manani engingqi, abekwe kwindawo ezintlanu eziphezulu zezi: Singapore, India, South Korea, Russia, Malaysia. Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle kula mazwe mahlanu kudityanisiwe kuye kwafikelela kwiitoni ezingama-24,500, nto leyo ethetha malunga nama-95.8% eempahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zizonke kule nyanga.

4.2.2 Indlela yorhwebo

Ngo-Okthobha wama-2023, isiseko se-oyile saseTshayina sabalwa ngokweendlela zorhwebo, kunye norhwebo olungenayo lokusetyenzwa, iimpahla ezingenayo neziphumayo ezivela kwiindawo ezibophelelekileyo zolawulo, kunye norhwebo ngokubanzi lubeka ezona ndlela zintathu ziphezulu zorhwebo. Umthamo opheleleyo wokuthumela ngaphandle weendlela ezintathu zokurhweba ziitoni ezingama-25,000, ezibalelwa malunga ne-99.4% yomthamo uwonke wokuthumela ngaphandle.

5. Uqikelelo lwentsingiselo

NgoNovemba, isiseko se-oyile yaseChina kulindeleke ukuba sibe malunga neetoni ze-100,000, ukwanda malunga ne-63% ukusuka kwinyanga edlulileyo; Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kulindeleke ukuba kube malunga neetoni ezili-18,000, zehle malunga ne-29% ukusuka kwinyanga edlulileyo. Isiseko esiphambili sesigwebo sichaphazelekayo ngeendleko eziphezulu zokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, abarhwebi, abahwebi kunye nee-terminals azilungile, ukungeniswa kwe-Oktobha yinqanaba eliphantsi kakhulu kwiminyaka yamuva nje, ixabiso leoli ekrwada ngoNovemba, ngelixa i-refineries yaphesheya kunye nokunye ukuncitshiswa kwexabiso ukukhuthaza ukuthengisa, idityaniswe neetheminali kunye nezinye ezifuna nje ukuthengwa, ngoko ke ukungenisa elizweni ngoNovemba okanye ube ne-rebound encinci, ukuncitshiswa kweendleko zokungeniswa okulinganiselweyo, ukungenisa elizweni okanye ukukhula kulinganiselwe.