1. Isishwankathelo sedatha yokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle

Ngo-Okthobha ka-2023, ukungeniswa kweoyile esisiseko eTshayina bekungama-61,000 eetoni, ukwehla kweetoni ezili-100,000 kwinyanga ephelileyo, okanye ngama-61.95%. Umthamo wokungeniswa kweoyile oqokelelweyo ukusuka ngoJanuwari ukuya ku-Okthobha ka-2023 wawungama-1.463 eetoni ezigidi, ukwehla kweetoni ezingama-83,000, okanye ama-5.36%, ukusuka kwixesha elifanayo kunyaka ophelileyo.

Ngo-Okthobha ka-2023, ukuthunyelwa kweoyile esisiseko eTshayina kwiitoni ezingama-25,580.7, ukonyuka kweetoni ezingama-21,961 ukusuka kwinyanga ephelileyo, ukwehla kwe-86.5%. Umthamo wokuthunyelwa kweoyile kwamanye amazwe ukusuka ngoJanuwari ukuya ku-Okthobha ka-2023 wawuziitoni ezili-143,200, ukonyuka kweetoni ezingama-2.1, okanye i-17.65%, ukusuka kwixesha elifanayo kunyaka ophelileyo.

2. Izinto ezibangela iimpembelelo

Ukungeniswa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe: Ukungeniswa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kwehle ngo-Okthobha, kwehle ngama-62%, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba: Ngo-Okthobha, amaxabiso eoyile yamazwe ngamazwe aphezulu, iindleko zemveliso yokucocwa kwempahla nazo ziphezulu, abangenisi kunye nezinye iindleko zokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, kwaye imfuno yemarike yasekhaya ayinamandla, kufuneka nje uthenge ikakhulu, urhwebo alukho nzulu, ngoko akukho njongo yokungenisa impahla kwamanye amazwe, iiterminals njalo njalo ukuthenga ikakhulu xa kufuneka, ngoko ke umthamo wokungenisa impahla kwamanye amazwe wehle kakhulu, kuquka ukungeniswa kwempahla eMzantsi Korea kwehle kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa noSeptemba, kunciphisa ama-58%.

Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe: Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kubuye kwinqanaba eliphantsi ngo-Okthobha, ngokonyuka kwama-606.9%, kwaye izixhobo ezininzi zithunyelwe eSingapore naseIndiya.

3. Ukungeniswa kwempahla ngaphandle

Ngo-Okthobha ka-2023, ukungeniswa kweoli esisiseko eTshayina bekungama-36,000 eetoni, kunye nesantya sokukhula se--77.3%, kwaye izinga lokukhula lehle ngama-186 eepesenti ukusuka kwinyanga ephelileyo, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba umthamo wangoku weoli esisiseko usezantsi kwinqanaba lokunciphisa.

4. Ulwakhiwo lokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle

4.1 Ngenisa

4.1.1 Ilizwe lemveliso kunye nokuthengisa

Ngo-Okthobha ka-2023, ukungeniswa kweoyile esisiseko eTshayina ngokwezibalo zemveliso/zengingqi, ezibekwe phakathi kwezihlanu eziphezulu zezi: uMzantsi Korea, iSingapore, iQatar, iThailand, iTshayina iTaiwan. Ukungeniswa kweoyile okudibeneyo kwala mazwe mahlanu bekungama-55,000 eetoni, okumalunga ne-89.7% yexabiso lilonke lokungeniswa kweoyile kule nyanga, ukwehla kwe-5.3% ukusuka kwinyanga ephelileyo.

4.1.2 Indlela yokurhweba

Ngo-Okthobha ka-2023, ukungeniswa kweoyile esisiseko eTshayina kwabalwa ngokwendlela yorhwebo, apho urhwebo ngokubanzi, ukungeniswa kunye nokuthunyelwa kweempahla ezivela kwiindawo zolawulo ezibophelelweyo, kunye nokuthengiswa kwezinto ezingenayo njengeendlela ezintathu eziphezulu zorhwebo. Isimbuku sokungeniswa kweendlela zorhwebo ezintathu yi-60,900 yeetoni, ezimalunga ne-99.2% yazo zonke izinto ezingenisiweyo.

4.1.3 Indawo yokubhalisa

Ngo-Okthobha ka-2023, i-China ifumene inani elikhulu le-oyile engeniswayo ngokwezibalo zobhaliso, ezona zintlanu ziphambili zezi: iTianjin, iGuangdong, iJiangsu, iShanghai, neLiaoning. Umthamo opheleleyo wokungenisa ioyile kwezi phondo zintlanu wawuziitoni ezingama-58,700, nto leyo ethetha ukuba yi-95.7%.

4.2 Ukuthumela ngaphandle

4.2.1 Ilizwe lemveliso kunye nokuthengisa

Ngo-Okthobha ka-2023, ukuthunyelwa kweoyile esisiseko eTshayina ngokwezibalo zemveliso/zengingqi, ezibekwe phakathi kwezihlanu eziphezulu zezi: iSingapore, iIndiya, iSouth Korea, iRashiya, iMalaysia. Ukuthunyelwa kweoyile okudibeneyo kwala mazwe mahlanu kufikelele kwiitoni ezingama-24,500, okumalunga ne-95.8% yazo zonke iintengiso ezithunyelweyo kule nyanga.

4.2.2 Indlela yokurhweba

Ngo-Okthobha ka-2023, ukuthunyelwa kweoyile esisiseko eTshayina kubalwe ngokweendlela zorhwebo, apho urhwebo lokucubungula olungenayo, iimpahla ezingenayo neziphumayo ezivela kwiindawo zokujonga ezibotshelelweyo, kwaye urhwebo ngokubanzi lubeka iindlela ezintathu eziphezulu zorhwebo. Umthamo opheleleyo wokuthunyelwa kweoyile kwamanye amazwe kwiindlela zorhwebo ezintathu yi-25,000 yeetoni, ezimalunga ne-99.4% yomthamo opheleleyo wokuthunyelwa kweoyile kwamanye amazwe.

5. Uqikelelo lwendlela eyenzeka ngayo

NgoNovemba, kulindeleke ukuba ukungeniswa kweoyile esisiseko eTshayina kube malunga neetoni ezili-100,000, ukunyuka okumalunga nama-63% ukusuka kwinyanga ephelileyo; Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kulindeleke ukuba kube malunga neetoni ezili-18,000, kwehle malunga nama-29% ukusuka kwinyanga ephelileyo. Isiseko esiphambili sokugweba sichaphazeleka yindleko ephezulu yokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, abangenisi, abarhwebi kunye neeterminals azilungile, ukungeniswa kwe-Okthobha yeyona nqanaba liphantsi kwiminyaka yakutshanje, amaxabiso eoli ekrwada ngoNovemba, ngelixa iindawo zokucocisa zaphesheya kunye nezinye iindlela zokunciphisa amaxabiso ukukhuthaza ukuthengisa, kunye neeterminals kunye nezinye izinto ezifuna nje ukuthenga, ngoko ukungeniswa kwe-oyile ngoNovemba okanye kube nokwehla okuncinci, ukunciphisa iindleko zokungenisa ezilinganiselweyo, ukungeniswa kwe-oyile okanye ukukhula kulinganiselwe.