Namhlanje, imakethi yeoyile ekrwada yamazwe ngamazwe ixhalabele kakhulu intlanganiso ye-federal reserve ngomhla wama-25 kuJulayi. Ngomhla wama-21 kuJulayi uBernanke, usihlalo we-federal reserve, uthe: “i-fed iya kunyusa amazinga enzala ngama-25 basis points kwintlanganiso elandelayo, enokuba lixesha lokugqibela ngoJulayi.” Enyanisweni, oku kuhambelana nolindelo lwemakethi, kwaye amathuba okunyuka kwamanqaku angama-25 basis points kwinzala anyuke aya kuma-99.6%, ikakhulu ikhonkco elikhokelela kwi-nail.

Uluhlu lwe-Fed rate advanced proi-gress

Ukususela ngoMatshi 2022, iFederal Reserve inyuse amazinga enzala izihlandlo ezili-10 zilandelelana, iqokelele amanqaku angama-500, kwaye ukususela ngoJuni ukuya kuNovemba kunyaka ophelileyo, ukunyuka kwenqanaba lenzala elinamandla kane ngokulandelelana kwama-75 basis points, ngeli xesha, i-dollar index inyuke nge-9%, ngelixa amaxabiso eoyile ekrwada ye-WTI ehle nge-10.5%. Icebo lokunyuka kwamaxabiso kulo nyaka liphantsi kakhulu, ukusukela ngoJulayi 20, i-dollar index eyi-100.78, eyehla nge-3.58% ukususela ekuqaleni konyaka, ibiphantsi kunenqanaba ngaphambi kokunyuka kwamaxabiso okunamandla kunyaka ophelileyo. Ngokwembono yokusebenza kwe-dollar index yeveki, le ndlela iye yomelela kwiintsuku ezimbini ezidlulileyo ukuze ifumane i-100+.

Ngokwedatha yokunyuka kwamaxabiso, i-cpi yehle yaya kwi-3% ngoJuni, ukwehla kwe-11 ngoMatshi, okuphantsi ukusukela ngoMatshi 2021. Yehle ukusuka kwi-9.1% ephezulu ukuya kwimeko efiselekayo kunyaka ophelileyo, kwaye ukuqhubeka kokuqinisa umgaqo-nkqubo wezemali we-fed kuye kwapholisa uqoqosho olushushu kakhulu, yiyo loo nto imakethi iye yaqikelela ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba i-fed iza kuyeka ukunyusa amazinga enzala kungekudala.

Isalathisi samaxabiso e-PCE esiphambili, esisusa iindleko zokutya namandla, sesona silinganiselo sithandwayo se-Fed sokunyuka kwamaxabiso kuba amagosa e-Fed abona i-PCE eyintloko njengemele ngakumbi imikhwa esisiseko. Isalathisi samaxabiso e-PCE esiphambili e-United States sirekhode izinga lonyaka le-4.6 ekhulwini ngoMeyi, lisekwinqanaba eliphezulu kakhulu, kwaye izinga lokukhula laliphezulu ukusukela ngoJanuwari kulo nyaka. I-Fed isajongene nemingeni emine: indawo yokuqala ephantsi yokunyuka kwamaxabiso okuqala, iimeko zemali ezikhululekileyo kunokuba bekulindelwe, ubungakanani benkxaso-mali, kunye notshintsho kwinkcitho nokusetyenziswa ngenxa yobhubhane. Kwaye imakethi yemisebenzi isashushu kakhulu, kwaye i-Fed iya kufuna ukubona ibhalansi yokubonelela-imfuno kwimakethi yemisebenzi iphucuka ngaphambi kokuba ibhengeze impumelelo ekulweni nokunyuka kwamaxabiso. Ngoko ke sesinye sezizathu zokuba i-Fed ingayekanga ukunyusa amanani okwangoku.

Ngoku ekubeni umngcipheko wokwehla koqoqosho eMelika wehlile kakhulu, imakethi ilindele ukuba ukwehla koqoqosho kube mncinci, kwaye imakethi yabela iiasethi ukuze kubekho ukwehla koqoqosho. Intlanganiso yezinga lenzala yeFederal Reserve ngomhla wama-26 kuJulayi iza kuqhubeka igxile kumathuba angoku okunyuka kwezinga le-25 basis point, okuya kunyusa i-dollar index kwaye kuthintele amaxabiso eoyile.