I-Dimethylformamide (isifinyezo se-DMF), ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-N,N-dimethylformamide, yindawo ye-dimethyl endaweni ye-formamide, kwaye omabini la maqela e-methyl akwii-athomu ze-N (nitrogen), ngoko ke ibizwa ngokuba yiyo. Njengezinto ezibalulekileyo zekhemikhali kunye nesinyibilikisi esibalaseleyo, i-DMF isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-polyurethane, i-acrylic, izongezo zokutya, amayeza, izibulali-zinambuzane, iidayi, izixhobo ze-elektroniki kunye neminye imboni.

I-DMF lulwelo olungenambala nolucacileyo olunendawo yokubila ephezulu, indawo yokuqandisa ephantsi, uzinzo oluhle lweekhemikhali kunye nobushushu, kwaye luxutywa namanzi kunye nezinye izinyibilikisi zendalo. Yisisombululo esisetyenziswa rhoqo kwiimpendulo zeekhemikhali kwaye ibizwa ngokuba "yisisombululo esiqhelekileyo": I-DMF isetyenziswa Ifayibha ye-acrylic eveliswa yinkqubo yokusonta eyomileyo yefayibha ye-acrylic esekelwe kwi-solvent ineempawu zokungafihli kakuhle kwamanzi, amandla okugquma aqinileyo, ubume obuthambileyo, kunye nokuziva okuqinileyo kwesandla; ekuveliseni isikhumba esenziwe nge-polyester emanzi, i-DMF ingasetyenziswa njengearhente yokuhlamba kunye nokunyanga i-polyurethane resin. Isetyenziselwa ukugquma izinto ezahlukeneyo ezinokwandiswa, kwaye xa isetyenziselwa ukudaya ulusu, inokwenza umbala wesikhumba ufane kwaye ungafi; ngenxa yokukwazi kwayo ukunyibilika, i-DMF isetyenziswa njengesinyibilikisi kwiidayi kwaye isetyenziselwa ukudaya iifayibha ezenziweyo, ezinokuphucula ukufana kwesikhumba. Iipropati zokudaya; njengesinyibilikisi esikhethiweyo esisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokwahlula, i-DMF ingasetyenziselwa ukufunxa ngokukhetha ii-hydrocarbons ezahlukeneyo kunye neegesi ezingaphiliyo. Umzekelo, i-DMF isetyenziselwa ukuhlamba i-ethylene ukususa i-acetylene, ngaloo ndlela ihlambulula i-ethylene. I-DMF ingasetyenziselwa ukukhupha i-isoprene, i-piperylene, njl.njl. kwi-exhaust gas yemveliso yezityalo ze-ethylene ukuze kuhlanganiswe i-unsaturated resin; i-DMF ingasetyenziselwa njengesinyibilikisi esikhethiweyo kwiinkqubo zokukhupha kwicandelo lokucubungula i-petroleum. Umzekelo: kwiinkqubo ze-polycarboxylic acid ezineempawu ezifanayo kwaye kunzima ukuzahlula, njenge-isophthalic acid kunye ne-terephthalic acid, zinokwahlulwa ngokulula ngokukhutshelwa kwe-DMF solvent okanye ukuphinda kusetyenziswe i-stepwise.

Kwi-organic reactions, i-dimethylformamide ayisetyenziswa kakhulu nje kuphela njengesinyibilikisi se-reaction, kodwa ikwasetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-organic synthesis. Kwishishini lezemithi, njenge-synthetic drug intermediate, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso ye-doxycycline, i-cortisone, kunye ne-sulfonamide drugs; kwishishini le-pesticide, isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-pesticide kunye ne-insecticide esebenza kakuhle kakhulu kwaye ingenatyhefu kangako.

Njengesixhobo sokusabela kwi-chemical synthesis, i-DMF ingasetyenziswa njenge-crystallization solvent yokucocwa kwamayeza. Kwishishini le-elektroniki, ingasetyenziselwa ukulungisa i-viscosity ye-curing agent ye-copper clad laminates. I-DMF ingasetyenziswa njenge-carrier solvent ukwenza i-polymeric crystal ene-BF3 (boron trifluoride), okwenza i-BF3 itshintshe ukusuka kwi-gas iye kwi-solid kwaye kulula ukuyithutha. Njenge-polar (hydrophilic) aprotic solvent ene-boliting point ephezulu, ingakhuthaza i-bimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction (SN₂). Ukongeza, i-dimethylformamide inefuthe le-catalytic kwi-hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, dehydration kunye ne-dehydrohalogenation reactions, enciphisa ubushushu be-reaction kwaye iphucule ubunyulu bemveliso.

Kubonakala ngathi i-DMF ifanelwe sisihloko esithi “isinyibilikisi sendalo yonke”. Olu hlobo lokusetyenziswa luya kuba nzima ukulidlula ngexesha elifutshane.

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