Ishishini lemichiza elungileyo libandakanya izixhobo ezitsha, izinto ezisebenzayo, amayeza kunye namayeza aphakathi, izibulala-zinambuzane kunye nezibulala-zinambuzane, izongezo zokutya, izongezo zesiselo, iincasa kunye neencasa, ii-pigments, izithambiso kunye namashishini ekhemikhali yemihla ngemihla, adlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuphuculeni umgangatho wokuphila kwabantu kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wokuphila kunye nokuphucula impilo yabantu. umgangatho.Ishishini ngalinye lineempawu zalo. Ukuqonda kunye nokuqonda iimpawu zeshishini lemichiza elungileyo sisiseko sophuhliso olukhuselekileyo nolusempilweni lweshishini, kunye nesitshixo kumashishini ukwenza uhlalutyo lomngcipheko kunye nolawulo lwenkqubo yemichiza kunye nokuphucula ukhuseleko oluyimfuneko lwamashishini.

1, Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokuvelisa imichiza emihle ziyingozi kakhulu.Ininzi yezinto ezibandakanya iklasi A, B, A, inetyhefu kakhulu, inetyhefu kakhulu, i-corrosion enamandla, izinto ezimanzi ezinokutsha, kwaye kukho imingcipheko yomlilo, ukuqhuma, ityhefu njalo njalo.Ukongezelela, kukho iinkqubo zokusebenza "ezingaphezu kwezine", oko kukuthi, kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezinto ezifaka i-reactor (i-reactants, iimveliso, izisombululo, i-extractants, njl.), izigaba ezininzi zesigaba (igesi, ulwelo). , okuqinileyo), amaxesha amaninzi okutya okuvula izixhobo, kunye namaxesha amaninzi okuvula izixhobo zesampulu ngexesha lemveliso.

2, Inkqubo yolawulo oluzenzekelayo ayisetyenziswanga kakuhle kwaye ayikwazi ukuqaphela ulawulo oluzenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo.Nangona ishishini limisele amakhonkco ngokweemfuno zolawulo lokhuseleko lwenkqubo yemichiza eyingozi phantsi kweliso elingundoqo, kukho ukutya okuninzi ngesandla kwinkqubo yokusebenza, kwaye umngxuma wokutyisa kufuneka uvulwe xa kutyiwa. Ipropathi yokutywina imbi, kwaye izinto ezinobungozi zilula ukuguquguquka ngaphandle kweketile.Ukukhethwa kwesixhobo sokulawula akukho ngqiqweni, umqhubi akafuni ukusebenzisa okanye akakwazi ukusebenzisa, inkqubo yolawulo oluzenzekelayo ayinamsebenzi;Ivalve yokuvala yokupholisa ireactor. inkqubo ngokubanzi kwimeko yokudlula, nto leyo ekhokelela kuthotho mutual amanzi abandayo, amanzi okupholisa kunye umphunga. Ukunqongophala iitalente isixhobo, ukungabikho ulawulo oluzenzekelayo inkqubo yolawulo, ukusetwa okungenangqiqo alarm kunye nexabiso interlock, okanye utshintsho random alarm kunye ixabiso le-interlock, abaqhubi abahoyi ukubaluleka kwe-alam kunye nolawulo lokungena.

3、Indlela yokuphumla yemveliso kwisininzi.Iketile isetyenziselwa iinjongo ezininzi. Isixhobo kufuneka sigqibezele imisebenzi yeyunithi emininzi, njengokusabela (amatyeli amaninzi), ukutsalwa, ukuhlamba, ukuhluzwa, ukulungiswa njalo njalo.Kukho iimfuno ezingqongqo kulandelelwano lophumezo kunye nobude bamanyathelo okusebenza, kodwa kuhlala kukho ukusilela kolawulo olusebenzayo. . Ukusebenza kunye nemveliso kufana nokupheka ngabapheki, zonke zisekelwe kumava.Emva kokuphendula kweketile enye, yehlisa ubushushu, ukhulule izinto, kwaye uxube ukusabela kokufudumeza.Ininzi yokukhupha kunye nokukhupha i-USES ibhanti yokucofa kunye nokusebenza ngesandla, okuya kukhokelela kwiingozi ngenxa yokungalungi kwabantu kule nkqubo.Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa ukusabela kweekhemikhali ezintle, isixa esikhulu solwelo olunomlilo ophantsi onjenge-methanol kunye ne-acetone luhlala ludityaniswa njenge-solvents. Ubukho bezinyibilikisi eziphilayo ezinokutsha kwandisa umngcipheko wenkqubo yokusabela.

4, Inkqubo itshintsha ngokukhawuleza kwaye amanyathelo reaction are many.There isenzeko uphando kunye nophuhliso, imveliso, ukuphuculwa imveliso kunye nokutshintshwa ngokukhawuleza;Ezinye iinkqubo eziyingozi zahlulwe ngokwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo reaction. Umngxuma wokutyisa kufuneka uvulwe ekuqaleni kokutya. Xa impendulo ifikelela kwinqanaba elithile, umngxuma wokutyisa kufuneka uvalwe kwakhona.

5, Ngenxa yemfihlo yobugcisa, kukho uqeqesho oluncinane kwinkqubo yokusebenza.Ibangela indlela yokusebenza ngeendlela ezininzi, iifom “ilali nganye inentshukumo eqaqambileyo yelali nganye, umntu unobuchule bomntu”.Zininzi iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwishishini lemichiza elungileyo. Ngenxa yoqeqesho olunganelanga kunye nolawulo olungazinzanga lweparameter, inkunkuma eqinileyo kunye nenkunkuma yolwelo zikhulu, nto leyo eyenza indawo yokugcina inkunkuma eyingozi ibe yindawo enobungozi ekufuneka ilawulwe kwaye ilawulwe.

6 、 Uhlaziyo lwezixhobo quickly.Equipment corrosion is serious ngenxa yobume bezinto ezisetyenziswayo; Ubushushu bokusebenza kunye noxinzelelo olusebenzayo lutshintsha kakhulu (kukho iindlela ezintathu zokutshintshiselana kobushushu, ezizezi amanzi angumkhenkce, amanzi okupholisa kunye nomphunga, kwi-reactor. Ngokubanzi, imveliso inkqubo inokutshintsha ukusuka kwi--15 ℃ ukuya kwi-120 ℃. I-fine (distillation) i-distillation isondele kwi-vacuum epheleleyo, kwaye inokufikelela kwi-0.3MpaG kwi-compacting), kunye nezixhobo zokulawula kunye nokugcinwa kwezixhobo zibuthathaka, ezikhokelela kwimisebenzi ekhethekileyo.

7, Uyilo lwamashishini emichiza elungileyo alunangqiqo.Ufakelo, ifama yetanki kunye nendawo yokugcina impahla ayicwangciswanga ngokomgaqo "wocwangciso olumanyeneyo kunye nokuphunyezwa kwenyathelo nenyathelo" kushishino lwemichiza. Imakethi okanye isixhobo sokwakha imveliso okanye isixhobo, sebenzisa ulungiselelo lwendawo yomzi-mveliso ekhoyo, ukubhideka kobeko lweshishini, ungaqwalaseli ngokupheleleyo ukhuseleko lwezempilo kunye neemfuno zokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, hayi ngokomzimveliso weempawu zomhlaba, imveliso yeekhemikhali yobunjineli yobunjineli kunye nomsebenzi wazo zonke. iintlobo zezakhiwo, uyilo olufanelekileyo, isizathu esingenangqiqo ulwahlulo olusebenzayo, inkqubo engathintelwanga, ayilungele imveliso, ayilungelanga ulawulo.

8, Iinkqubo zoncedo lokhuseleko zisoloko ziyilwe ngokungacwangciswanga. Umngcipheko womlilo emva kokuphuma kwezinto ezinobungozi ezinokutsha neziqhumayo kulula ukubangelwa kukusabela kweekhemikhali okanye ukuyilwa komxube oqhumayo kwinkqubo efanayo yonyango. Nangona kunjalo, ishishini alifane livavanye kwaye lihlalutye lo mngcipheko.

9, Isakhiwo sezixhobo ngaphakathi kwisakhiwo somzi-mveliso sihlangene, kwaye kukho izixhobo ezininzi zangaphandle ngaphandle kwesakhiwo somzi-mveliso. Nje ukuba kwenzeke ingozi, kulula ukubangela ukufa kwabantu abaninzi kunye neengozi zokwenzakala okukhulu.Iinkqubo eziyingozi ezibandakanyekayo ikakhulu yi-sulfonation, chlorination, oxidation, hydrogenation, nitrification kunye ne-fluorination reactions. Ngokukodwa, iinkqubo ze-chlorination, i-nitrification, i-oxidation kunye ne-hydrogenation inomngcipheko omkhulu. Xa sele bephumile kulawulo, baya kubangela ityhefu kunye nomngcipheko wogqabhuko-dubulo.Ngenxa yemfuneko yezithuba, amashishini akaseki ifama yetanki, kodwa amise itanki eliphakathi kunye nenkqubo yokukhupha ngaphandle kwesityalo, ekulula ukubangela umlilo wesibini okanye uqhushumbo. .

10, Ingeniso yabasebenzi iyakhawuleza kwaye umgangatho uphantsi ngokwentelekiso.Amanye amashishini awanikeli ngqalelo ekukhuselweni kwempilo emsebenzini, indawo yokusebenza ihlwempuzekile, intshukumo esebenzayo yabasebenzi.Abasebenzi abaninzi beshishini "babeka phantsi igaba, babe ngabasebenzi, "Ngaphandle kokukhankanya isikolo samabanga aphakamileyo okanye ngaphezulu, ukuphumelela kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo esezantsi sele kunqabile kakhulu. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, amanye amashishini awanikeli ngqalelo kukhuseleko kunye nolawulo lokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, okukhokelela kwiingozi rhoqo, abantu banemvakalelo "yedemoni" yeekhemikhali ezilungileyo. ishishini, ingakumbi ishishini labucala lemichiza elungileyo, abafundi bekholeji kunye nabaphumelele kwizikolo zasesekondari zobugcisa bathandabuza ukungena kolu shishino, oluthintela uphuhliso lokhuseleko kolu shishino.
Ishishini lemichiza elungileyo linxulumene ngokusondeleyo nobomi babantu. Ngaphandle kweshishini lemichiza elungileyo, ubomi bethu buya kulahlekelwa ngumbala wabo. Kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo, sixhase kwaye sikhokele uphuhliso olukhuselekileyo nolusempilweni lweshishini lemichiza elungileyo.