Iimpawu ezintlanu eziphambili zeedayi ezisasazekileyo:

Amandla okuphakamisa, amandla okugubungela, uzinzo lokusasazeka, uvakalelo lwe-PH, ukuhambelana.

1. Amandla okuphakamisa
1. Inkcazelo yamandla okuphakamisa:
Amandla okuphakamisa yenye yezona mpawu zibalulekileyo zeedayi ezisasazekileyo. Olu phawu lubonisa ukuba xa idayi nganye isetyenziselwa ukudaya okanye ukuprinta, ubungakanani bedayi buyanda kancinci kancinci, kwaye ubunzulu bombala kwilaphu (okanye intambo) buyanda ngokufanelekileyo. Kwiidayi ezinamandla okuphakamisa amahle, ubunzulu bokudaya buyanda ngokwenani ledayi, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba kukho ukudaya okunzulu okungcono; iidayi ezinamandla okuphakamisa amancinci azinawo umbala onzulu kangako. Xa zifikelela kubunzulu obuthile, umbala awusayi kuba nzulu njengoko ubungakanani bedayi busanda.
2. Impembelelo yamandla okuphakamisa xa kudaywa:
Amandla okuphakamisa iidayi ezisasazekileyo ahluka kakhulu kwiindidi ezithile. Iidayi ezinamandla okuphakamisa aphezulu kufuneka zisetyenziswe kwimibala enzulu netyebileyo, kwaye iidayi ezinesantya esiphantsi sokuphakamisa zingasetyenziselwa ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo nemibala ekhanyayo. Kuphela ngokuqonda iimpawu zeedayi nokuzisebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo apho isiphumo sokonga iidayi kunye nokunciphisa iindleko sinokufezekiswa.
3. Uvavanyo lokuphakamisa:
Amandla okuphakamisa idayi obushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lokudaya abonakaliswa kwi%. Phantsi kweemeko ezichaziweyo zokudaya, izinga lokudinwa kwedayi kwisisombululo sedayi liyalinganiswa, okanye ixabiso lobunzulu bombala wesampuli edayiweyo lilinganiswa ngokuthe ngqo. Ubunzulu bokudaya kwedayi nganye bunokwahlulwahlulwa lube ngamanqanaba amathandathu ngokwe-1, 2, 3.5, 5, 7.5, 10% (OMF), kwaye ukudaya kwenziwa kumatshini omncinci wesampulu obushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu. Amandla okuphakamisa idayi okudaya i-hot melt pad okanye ukuprinta ilaphu abonakaliswa kwi-g/L.
Ngokuphathelele imveliso yokwenyani, amandla okuphakamisa idayi kukutshintsha koxinzelelo lwesisombululo sedayi, oko kukuthi, utshintsho kumthunzi wemveliso egqityiweyo xa kuthelekiswa nemveliso edayiweyo. Olu tshintsho alunakuba yinto engalindelekanga kuphela, kodwa lunokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo ixabiso lobunzulu bombala ngoncedo lwesixhobo, kwaye emva koko lubale ijika lamandla okuphakamisa idayi esasazekileyo ngefomula yobunzulu bombala.
2. Amandla okugquma

1. Lithini igunya lokugquma ledayi?

Njengokuba kufihlwa umqhaphu ofileyo ngeedayi ezisabelayo okanye iidayi zevathi xa kudaywa umqhaphu, ukufihla iidayi ezisasazekileyo kwi-polyester ekumgangatho ophantsi kubizwa ngokuba yi-coverage apha. Amalaphu e-polyester (okanye i-acetate fiber), kuquka neempahla ezithungiweyo, adla ngokuba nombala okhanyayo emva kokuba edaywe ngeedayi ezisasazekileyo. Zininzi izizathu zokuba umbala ube mdaka, ezinye ziziphene zokuluka, kwaye ezinye zibonakala emva kokudaywa ngenxa yomahluko womgangatho wefayibha.

2. Uvavanyo lokugubungela:

Ukukhetha amalaphu e-polyester filament akumgangatho ophantsi, ukudaya ngeedayi ezisasazekileyo zemibala eyahlukeneyo kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo zokudaya, kuya kwenzeka iimeko ezahlukeneyo. Amanye amanqanaba emibala anzima kwaye amanye awabonakali, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba iidayi ezisasazekileyo zinamanqanaba emibala ahlukeneyo. Umgangatho wokugubungela. Ngokomgangatho ongwevu, ibanga loku-1 linomahluko omkhulu wombala kunye nebanga lesi-5 elingenawo umahluko wombala.

Amandla okugquma eedayi ezisasazekileyo kwifayile yombala amiselwa bubume bedayi ngokwayo. Uninzi lweedayi ezinesantya esiphezulu sokudaya kokuqala, ukusasazeka kancinci kunye nokufuduka okubi azigubungeli kakuhle kwifayile yombala. Amandla okugquma anxulumene nokukhawuleza kwe-sublimation.

3. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kokudaya kwe-polyester filament:

Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iidayi ezisasazwayo ezinamandla okugquma angaphucukanga zingasetyenziselwa ukubona umgangatho weefayibha zepolyester. Iinkqubo zokwenziwa kweefayibha ezingazinzanga, kuquka utshintsho ekubhalweni nasekusetweni kweeparamitha, ziya kubangela ukungangqinelani kokuhambelana kweefayibha. Ukuhlolwa komgangatho wokudaya kweefayibha zepolyester kudla ngokwenziwa ngedayi yokugquma engaphucukanga eqhelekileyo i-Eastman Fast Blue GLF (CI Disperse Blue 27), ubunzulu bokudaya yi-1%, kubiliswe kwi-95～100℃ imizuzu engama-30, kuhlanjwe kwaye komiswe ngokwezinga lomahluko wombala Umgangatho wovavanyo.

4. Ukuthintela imveliso:

Ukuze kuthintelwe ukwenzeka kombala okhanyayo kwimveliso yokwenyani, inyathelo lokuqala kukuqinisa ulawulo lomgangatho wezinto ezikrwada zefayibha yepolyester. Isixhobo sokuluka kufuneka sisebenzise yonke intambo eseleyo ngaphambi kokuba sitshintshe imveliso. Kwizinto ezikrwada ezaziwayo ezikumgangatho ophantsi, iidayi ezisasazwayo ezinamandla okugquma zinokukhethwa ukuze kuthintelwe ukuwohloka okukhulu kwemveliso egqityiweyo.

3. Uzinzo lokusasazeka

1. Uzinzo lokusasazeka kweedayi ezisasazekileyo:

Iidayi ezisasazekileyo zigalelwa emanzini zize emva koko zisasazeke zibe ziisuntswana ezincinci. Ukusasazwa kobukhulu beesuntswana kwandiswa ngokwefomula ye-binomial, ngexabiso eliphakathi le-0.5 ukuya kwi-1 micron. Ubungakanani beesuntswana zeedayi zorhwebo ezikumgangatho ophezulu busondelelene kakhulu, kwaye kukho ipesenti ephezulu, enokubonakaliswa yi-curve yokusasazwa kobukhulu beesuntswana. Iidayi ezinokusasazwa kobukhulu beesuntswana ezibi zinezisuntswana ezirhabaxa ezinobukhulu obahlukeneyo kunye nokuzinza kokusasazwa okungekho mthethweni. Ukuba ubukhulu beesuntswana budlula kakhulu umlinganiselo ophakathi, ukuphinda kusetyenziswe iisuntswana ezincinci kunokwenzeka. Ngenxa yokwanda kweesuntswana ezinkulu eziphinde zasetyenziswa, iidayi ziyatshixwa kwaye zibekwe kwiindonga zomatshini wokudaya okanye kwiifayibha.

Ukuze kwenziwe amasuntswana amancinci edayi abe yindawo yokusasazeka kwamanzi ezinzileyo, kufuneka kubekho uxinano olwaneleyo lwe-dispersant ebilayo emanzini. Amasuntswana edayi ajikelezwe yi-dispersant, ethintela idayi ukuba ingasondeli, nto leyo ethintela ukuhlangana okanye ukuhlangana. Ukugxothwa kwe-anion kunceda ukuzinzisa ukusasazeka. Ii-dispersant ze-anionic ezisetyenziswa rhoqo ziquka ii-lignosulfonates zendalo okanye ii-dispersant ze-naphthalene sulfonic acid ezenziweyo: kukwakho nee-dispersant ezingezizo ii-ionic, uninzi lwazo ziyi-alkylphenol polyoxyethylene derivatives, ezisetyenziswa ngokukodwa ekuprinteni i-synthetic paste.

2. Izinto ezichaphazela uzinzo lokusasazeka kweedayi ezisasazekileyo:

Ukungcola kwidayi yokuqala kunokuchaphazela kakubi imeko yokusasazeka. Ukutshintsha kwekristale yedayi nako kuyinto ebalulekileyo. Ezinye izimo zekristale kulula ukuzisasaza, ngelixa ezinye zingelula. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokudaya, imeko yekristale yedayi ngamanye amaxesha iyatshintsha.

Xa idayi isasazwa kwisisombululo samanzi, ngenxa yempembelelo yezinto zangaphandle, imeko ezinzileyo yokusasazeka iyatshatyalaliswa, nto leyo enokubangela ukwanda kwekristale yedayi, ukuhlanganiswa kwamasuntswana kunye nokuqubha.

Umahluko phakathi kokuhlanganiswa kunye nokuqunjelwa kukuba okokuqala kunokunyamalala kwakhona, kuyaguqulwa, kwaye kunokuqutywa kwakhona ngokuxutywa, ngelixa idayi equtywayo iyinto esasazekayo engenakubuyiselwa ekuzinzeni. Iziphumo ezibangelwa kukuqutywa kwamasuntswana edayi ziquka: amabala emibala, umbala ocothayo, isivuno esiphantsi sombala, ukudaya okungalinganiyo, kunye nokungcola kwetanki.

Izinto ezibangela ukungazinzi kokusasazeka kotywala bedayi zezi zilandelayo: umgangatho ophantsi wedayi, ubushushu obuphezulu botywala bedayi, ixesha elide kakhulu, isantya sokumpompa esikhawulezayo, ixabiso eliphantsi le-pH, izixhobo ezincedisayo ezingafanelekanga, kunye namalaphu angcolileyo.

3. Uvavanyo lozinzo lokusasazeka:

A. Indlela yephepha lokucoca:
Ngesisombululo sedayi esisasazekileyo se-10 g/L, yongeza i-acetic acid ukuze ulungise ixabiso le-pH. Thatha i-500 ml uze uhluze ngephepha lesihluzo le-#2 kwi-porcelain funnel ukuze ubone ubuncinci bento ephilayo. Thatha enye i-400 ml kumatshini wokudaya obushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu ukuze uvavanye ungenanto, uyifudumale ukuya kwi-130°C, uyigcine ishushu iyure e-1, uyipholise, uze uyihluze ngephepha lesihluzo ukuze uthelekise utshintsho kubuncinci bento ephilayo enemibala. Emva kokuba utywala bedayi obufudumeziweyo kubushushu obuphezulu buhluziwe, akukho mabala anemibala ephepheni, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba uzinzo lokusasazeka lulungile.

B. Indlela yokufaka umbala kwisilwanyana sasekhaya:
Uxinzelelo lwedayi yi-2.5% (ubunzima kwi-polyester), umlinganiselo wokuhlamba yi-1:30, yongeza i-1 ml ye-10% ye-ammonium sulfate, ulungise kwi-pH 5 kunye ne-1% ye-acetic acid, thabatha i-10 grams yelaphu elithungiweyo le-polyester, uliqengqele eludongeni olunemingxuma, uze ujikeleze ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwesisombululo sedayi. Kumatshini omncinci wokudaya obushushu obuphezulu noxinzelelo oluphezulu, ubushushu bunyuswa bube yi-130°C kwi-80°C, bugcinwe imizuzu eli-10, bupholiswe bube yi-100°C, buhlanjwe buphinde bomiswe emanzini, kwaye kujongwe ukuba kukho amabala anombala adityanisiweyo edayini kwilaphu.

Okwesine, uvakalelo lwe-pH

1. Yintoni uvakalelo lwe-pH?

Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zeedayi ezisasazekileyo, ii-chromatogram ezibanzi, kunye nobuntununtunu obahlukileyo kakhulu kwi-pH. Izisombululo zokudaya ezinexabiso le-pH ezahlukeneyo zihlala ziphumela kwiziphumo ezahlukeneyo zokudaya, zichaphazela ubunzulu bombala, kwaye zide zibangele utshintsho olukhulu lombala. Kwindawo ene-asidi encinci (pH4.5 ~ 5.5), iidayi ezisasazekileyo zikwimeko ezinzileyo.

Amaxabiso e-pH kwizisombululo zedayi ezithengiswayo awafani, ezinye azikhethi cala, kwaye ezinye zine-alkaline kancinci. Ngaphambi kokudaya, lungelelanisa ne-pH echaziweyo nge-acetic acid. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokudaya, ngamanye amaxesha ixabiso le-pH lesisombululo sedayi liya kunyuka kancinci. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, i-formic acid kunye ne-ammonium sulfate zingongezwa ukugcina isisombululo sedayi sikwimeko ye-asidi ebuthathaka.

2. Impembelelo yesakhiwo sedayi kubuthathaka be-pH:

Ezinye iidayi ezisasazekileyo ezinesakhiwo se-azo zinobuthathaka kakhulu kwi-alkali kwaye azikwazi ukumelana nokuncipha. Uninzi lweedayi ezisasazekileyo ezinamaqela e-ester, amaqela e-cyano okanye amaqela e-amide ziya kuchaphazeleka yi-alkaline hydrolysis, eya kuchaphazela umthunzi oqhelekileyo. Ezinye iintlobo zinokudaywa kwibhafu enye ngeedayi ezithe ngqo okanye i-pad dyed kwibhafu enye ngeedayi ezisabelayo nokuba zidaywe kubushushu obuphezulu phantsi kweemeko ze-alkaline ezingathathi cala okanye ezibuthathaka ngaphandle kokutshintsha kombala.

Xa izinto zokufaka imibala eziprintwayo kufuneka zisebenzise iidayi ezisasazekileyo kunye needayi ezisabelayo ukuprinta ngobukhulu obufanayo, ziidayi ezizinzileyo ze-alkali kuphela ezinokusetyenziswa ukuphepha impembelelo ye-baking soda okanye i-soda ash kumthunzi. Nika ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ekufanisweni kombala. Kubalulekile ukuphumelela uvavanyo ngaphambi kokutshintsha uhlobo lwedayi, kwaye ufumane uluhlu lozinzo lwe-pH yedayi.
5. Ukuhambelana

1. Inkcazo yokuhambelana:

Kwimveliso yokudaya ngobuninzi, ukuze kufunyanwe ukuphindaphindwa okuhle, kudla ngokufuneka ukuba iimpawu zokudaya zeedayi ezintathu eziphambili zemibala ezisetyenzisiweyo zifane ukuqinisekisa ukuba umahluko wombala uyafana ngaphambi nasemva kweebhetshi. Ungawulawula njani umahluko wombala phakathi kweebhetshi zeemveliso ezigqityiweyo ezidayiweyo ngaphakathi koluhlu oluvumelekileyo lomgangatho? Lo ngumbuzo ofanayo obandakanya ukuhambelana kombala kwemiyalelo yokudaya, okubizwa ngokuba kukuhambelana kwedayi (okwaziwa nangokuhambelana nokudaya). Ukuhambelana kweedayi ezisasazekileyo kukwanxulumene nobunzulu bokudaya.

Iidayi ezisasazekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukudaya i-cellulose acetate zihlala zifuneka ukuba zifakwe umbala phantse kuma-80°C. Ubushushu bombala weedayi buphezulu kakhulu okanye buphantsi kakhulu, nto leyo engayi kunceda ukufanisa imibala.

2. Uvavanyo lokuhambelana:

Xa i-polyester idaywe kubushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu, iimpawu zokudaya zeedayi ezisasazekileyo zihlala zitshintsha ngenxa yokufakwa kwenye idayi. Umgaqo jikelele kukukhetha iidayi ezinobushushu obufanayo bokudaya ukuze kuhambelane nombala. Ukuze kuphandwe ukuhambelana kweedayi, uthotho lweesampuli ezincinci zovavanyo lokudaya lunokwenziwa phantsi kweemeko ezifana nezixhobo zokuvelisa idayi, kwaye iiparameter eziphambili zenkqubo ezifana noxinzelelo lweresiphi, ubushushu besisombululo sokudaya kunye nexesha lokudaya ziyatshintshwa ukuze kuthelekiswe umbala kunye nokuhambelana kokukhanya kweesampuli zelaphu elidayiweyo. , Beka iidayi ezinokuhambelana okungcono kokudaya kudidi olunye.

3. Ungayikhetha njani indlela efanelekileyo yokuhambelana kweedayi?

Xa amalaphu axutywe ne-polyester-cotton edaywe nge-hot melt, iidayi ezihambelana nombala kufuneka zibe neempawu ezifanayo needayi ze-monochromatic. Ubushushu bokunyibilika kunye nexesha kufuneka zihambelane neempawu zokulungisa idayi ukuqinisekisa isivuno esiphezulu sombala. Idayi nganye yombala ine-hot-melt fixation curve ethile, enokusetyenziswa njengesiseko sokukhetha kwangaphambili iidayi ezihambelana nombala. Iidayi ezisasazwayo zohlobo lobushushu obuphezulu zihlala zingenakufanisa imibala enohlobo lobushushu obuphantsi, kuba zifuna amaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo okunyibilika. Iidayi zobushushu obuphakathi azinakuhambelana kuphela nemibala enedayi zobushushu obuphezulu, kodwa zikwahambelana needayi zobushushu obuphantsi. Ukuhambelana kombala okufanelekileyo kufuneka kuqwalasele ukuhambelana phakathi kweempawu zeedayi kunye nokukhawuleza kombala. Isiphumo sokuhambelana kombala ngokungacwangciswanga kukuba umbala awuzinzanga kwaye ukuphinda-phinda kombala kwemveliso akulunganga.

Ngokwesiqhelo kukholelwa ukuba imo yejika lokulungisa i-hot-melt yeedayi iyafana okanye iyafana, kwaye inani leeleya zokusasazwa kwe-monochromatic kwifilimu ye-polyester nalo liyafana. Xa iidayi ezimbini zidaywe kunye, ukukhanya kombala kumaleko ngamnye wokusasazwa kuhlala kungatshintshanga, okubonisa ukuba ezi dayi zimbini zihambelana kakuhle ngokuhambelana kombala; ngokuchaseneyo, imo yejika lokulungisa i-hot-melt yedayi yahlukile (umzekelo, ijika elinye linyuka ngokunyuka kobushushu, kwaye elinye ijika liyancipha ngokunyuka kobushushu), umaleko wokusasazwa kwe-monochromatic kwifilimu ye-polyester Xa iidayi ezimbini ezinamanani ahlukeneyo zidaywe kunye, izithunzi kumaleko wokusasazwa zahlukile, ngoko ke akufanelekanga ukuba zihambelane imibala, kodwa umbala ofanayo awuxhomekekanga kulo mda. Thatha i-chestnut: Hlakaza i-HGL emnyama eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwaye usasaze i-3B ebomvu okanye usasaze i-RGFL etyheli zineejika zokulungisa i-hot-melt ezahluke ngokupheleleyo, kwaye inani leeleya zokusasazwa kwifilimu ye-polyester lahlukile kakhulu, kwaye azinakuhambelana nemibala. Ekubeni iDisperse Red M-BL kunye neDisperse Red 3B zinemibala efanayo, zingasetyenziswa ekufaniseni imibala nangona iimpawu zazo zokunyibilika kwe-hot-melt zingaguquguquki.