IDiphenol asiyohydrocarbon enuka kamnandi kuba ineathom zeoksijini kwaye iphuma kwivumba elimnandi.
I-Industrial 2-naphthol ihlanjululwe i-naphthol njengento ekrwada, kunye ne-96-98% ye-sulfuric acid sulfonation ye-2-naphthol sulfonic acid, kwaye emva koko nge-sodium sulfite neutralization ukuvelisa ityuwa yayo yesodium, kwaye emva koko kunye ne-sodium hydroxide alkali fusion ye-2-naphthol sodium. , emva koko nge-asidi ye-sulfuric acidification ye-2-naphthol yeemveliso ezingcolileyo, emva kokubilisa, ukuhlamba, ukomisa, ukuchithwa kwe-distillation yeemveliso ze-2-naphthol.
Ungcoliseko lwale nkqubo lunobuzaza kakhulu kwaye ingxaki yokukhuselwa kwendalo ibalasele ngakumbi.
Ukuphuhliswa kwe-cyanamine yaseMelika ye-2-isopropylnaphthalene edibeneyo yokuveliswa kwenkqubo ye-acetone 2-naphthol, ngenxa yeendleko zokukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nezinye izizathu kunye nokuyeka ukuvelisa.
Okwangoku, amazwe aphambili emveliso ye-2-naphthol emhlabeni yiChina, iIndiya, iJapan, iItali kunye namanye amazwe aseMpuma Yurophu.
I-China yaqala ukuvelisa i-2-naphthol ngo-1957. Ukususela ngo-1980, njengoko amazwe aphuhlileyo ayeka ukuvelisa emva komnye, i-China iye yaba ngumthengisi oyintloko we-2-naphthol.
Ukusukela ngo-1990, imakethi ye-2-naphthol iye yafumana amahla ndinyuka. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, imveliso yonyaka ye-8-100 yeetoni eziliwaka liye lagcinwa, kwaye ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kuye kwagcina ukukhula okukhulu, kunye nokuthunyelwa kweetoni ze-8,227 ngo-2005, iitoni ze-15,924 ngo-2006, kunye ne-15,307 yeetoni ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya ku-Oktobha 2007.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-2-naphthol e-China malunga ne-60% yee-intermediates zedayi, i-20% yezongezo zerabha, i-10% yedayi kunye ne-pigments, kunye ne-10% yabanye.
Njengoko imfuno yedayi kunye ne-pigments isanda, kuya kuba njalo imfuno ye-2-naphthol.
Ukuphucula inkqubo yokuvelisa, ukugcina amandla kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa, ukunciphisa inkunkuma emithathu okanye ukuphuhlisa inkqubo entsha yokucoca iye yaba yikhokelo ebalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni okuqhubekayo kunye nempilo yoshishino lwemveliso ye-2-naphthol.
Okwesibini, isicelo kwishishini ledayi kunye ne-pigment
Idayi kunye ne-pigment intermediates yeyona ndawo inkulu yokusetyenziswa kwe-2-naphthol eTshayina. Isizathu esona sizathu kukuba ukuveliswa kwedayi phakathi kwedayi kuye kwahanjiswa kwihlabathi jikelele. Ngokomzekelo, i-2, i-3 acids, i-J acid, i-acid ye-γ, i-asidi ye-R kunye ne-chromophenol AS zonke zibalulekile ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe okuphakathi e-China, kubalwa ngaphezu kwesiqingatha semveliso yasekhaya iyonke.
Ukongeza kwi-synthesis ye-dyestuff kunye ne-pigment intermediates, i-2-naphthol ingasetyenziselwa njengenxalenye ye-azo, kunye ne-diazo compounds ukuvelisa idayi ye-1,2, i-3 acids.
I-2, i-3 ye-acidification yegama lesayensi: i-2-hydroxy-3-naphthic acid, indlela yayo yokudibanisa [1]: i-2-naphthol kunye ne-sodium hydroxide reaction, i-decompressed dehydration, i-2-naphthol sodium, kwaye emva koko i-reaction kunye ne-CO2 ukufumana i-2- i-naphthol kunye ne-2, i-3 ityuwa ye-sodium, susa i-2-naphthol, i-acidification, fumana i-2, i-3 acid.
Okwangoku, iindlela eziphambili zokudibanisa yindlela yesigaba esiqinileyo kunye nendlela ye-solvent, kwaye indlela ye-solvent yindlela eqhelekileyo yophuhliso.
Imibala yeLake ene-2,3 acids njengamacandelo okudibanisa idityaniswe ngokwenza amacandelo e-diazo kuqala kwiityuwa ze-diazo, idityaniswe ne-2,3 acids, kwaye emva koko isebenzisa isinyithi sealkali kunye neetyuwa zomhlaba zealkali ezinokuguqulwa zibe yidayi yechibi enganyibilikiyo.
Eyona chromatogram ye-2,3 yemibala ye-asidi yechibi kukukhanya okubomvu.
Umzekelo: CI Pigment Red 57:1, CI Pigment Red 48:1, njl.
I-2, i-3 acids isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-synthesis ye-chromophenol series of ice-dayed dyes. Kwi-Dye Index ye-1992, i-chromophenols ye-28 yenziwe yi-2, i-3 acids.
Umbala we-phenol AS uchungechunge lwamacandelo okudityaniswa kwe-azo pigment, iindlela zokwenziwa zolu hlobo lwepeyinti zenziwe kwi-diazo component diazonium ityuwa kuqala, kunye nombala we-phenol coupling AS uthotho lwezinto eziphuma kuzo, ezifana ne-AS i-diazo components zine-alkyl ring enuka kamnandi, I-halogen, i-nitrocellulose, amaqela e-alkoxy, afana nombala oqhelekileyo ovela kwimpendulo ye-phenol AS uthotho lwedayi ye-azo kumalungu adityanisiweyo,
Umzekelo, iringi enuka kamnandi yamacandelo e-diazo ikwaqulathe amaqela e-asidi ye-sulfonic, kunye ne-chromophenol AS ephuma kuthotho, kwaye emva koko ityuwa yealkali kunye neentsimbi zomhlaba zealkali inokuguqulwa ibe yidayi yechibi enganyibilikiyo.
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