01 Imeko ngokubanzi

I-MDI (i-diphenylmethane diisocyanic acid) yimathiriyeli ye-polyurethane eyenziwe yi-isocyanate, i-polyol kunye ne-agent encedisayo, esetyenziswa kwizixhobo zendlu, izakhiwo, ukuthutha kunye nezinye izigcawu.

I-MDI ithathwa njengenye yeemveliso ezininzi ezinemiqobo ephezulu ebanzi kwishishini lemichiza. Inkqubo ye-synthesis ye-isocyanate inde, kuquka i-nitration reaction, i-reaction reaction yokunciphisa kunye ne-acidification reaction.

Kukho iinkqubo ezimbini eziphambili zokuvelisa i-MDI: i-phosgenation kunye ne-non-phosgenation. Inkqubo ye-Phosgene yeyona ndlela iphambili yetekhnoloji yokuveliswa kweshishini le-isocyanates okwangoku, kwaye ikwayeyona ndlela yodwa enokufikelela kwimveliso enkulu ye-isocyanates. Nangona kunjalo, i-phosgene inetyhefu kakhulu, kwaye ukusabela kufuneka kuqhutywe phantsi kweemeko ze-asidi ezinamandla, ezifuna izixhobo eziphezulu kunye nobuchwepheshe.

02 uhlobo

I-MDI yohlulwe ngokubanzi ngokweendidi ezintathu: i-polymer MDI, i-MDI esulungekileyo kunye ne-MDI elungisiweyo:

I-MDI yePolymerized yimathiriyeli ekrwada yokuvelisa i-polyurethane igwebu eliqinileyo kunye ne-semi-hard foam, kwaye iimveliso zayo ezigqityiweyo zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwisikhenkcisi, izinto zokufakelwa kwe-thermal, iinxalenye zemoto kunye namanye amashishini.

I-MDI esulungekileyo isetyenziswa ikakhulu kukwenziwa kweentlobo ngeentlobo zeelastomers zepolyurethane, ezisetyenziswa ikakhulu kwimveliso ye-thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers, ispandex, iPU yesikhumba eludaka, izinto zokuncamathelisa izihlangu, kwaye zikwasetyenziswa kwizinto ezincinci ze-elastomer, ezifana neesoles, amatayara aqinileyo, ukuzincama. -igwebu eliqwengayo, ii-bumpers zemoto, iinxalenye ze-trim zangaphakathi, kunye nokuveliswa kwe-polyurethane elastomers.

Njengokuphuma kweemveliso ze-MDI series, i-MDI elungisiweyo lulwandiso lobugcisa lwe-MDI esulungekileyo kunye neemveliso ze-MDI ze-polymerized ezidla ngokusetyenziswa kwimarike ngoku, kwaye inokubonelela ngokusetyenziswa okukodwa kunye neempawu zokucubungula ngokomahluko kuyilo lwesakhiwo semveliso kunye nenkqubo yokudibanisa, njengoko kufuneka isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kumaqamza athambileyo, ii-elastomers, iingubo, izinto zokuncamathelisa kunye nezinye iindawo.

03 Emantla nasezantsi kwekhonkco lemizi-mveliso

Emantla oyile, igesi yendalo, intsimbi ekrwada kunye nezinye izixhobo;

Ukufikelela kumbindi kukho iikhemikhali phakathi kwezinto eziluhlaza kunye neemveliso ezisezantsi, ezimele i-WH Chemical, i-WX petrochemical, njl.

I-downstream yimveliso yokugqibela yeekhemikhali, ezifana neeplastiki, i-rubber, i-pesticides, izichumisi, njl., ezimele inkampani i-JF Technology, i-LL tyres, i-RL khemikhali, i-HR Hengsheng, njl.

04 Uhlalutyo lwemfuno kunye nokwahlukana kweemarike

I-Polyurethane eveliswe yi-MDI inoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo ezisezantsi, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini lokwakha, ishishini lasekhaya, izixhobo zasekhaya, imboni yezothutho, ishishini lezihlangu, njl. Ngoko ke, ukusetyenziswa kwe-MDI kuhambelana kakhulu neqondo lokuchuma koqoqosho lwehlabathi.

Ngokwembono yehlabathi, usetyenziso lulonke lwe-MDI epholisiweyo ngo-2021 ikakhulu: i-49% yoshishino lokwakha, i-21% yezixhobo zasekhaya, i-17% yezinto zokuncamathelisa, kunye ne-11% kwiimoto.

Ngokwembono yasekhaya, umlinganiselo wokusetyenziswa kwe-MDI yepolymerized ngo-2021 ubukhulu becala: i-40% yempahla emhlophe, i-28% yoshishino lokwakha, i-16% ye-adhesives, kunye ne-7% yeemoto.

05 Ipateni yokhuphiswano

Icala lokubonelela le-MDI libonisa indlela yokhuphiswano lwe-oligopoly. Basibhozo abavelisi be-MDI abaphambili ehlabathini, kwaye abavelisi abathathu abaphezulu ngokomthamo yi-WH Chemical, BASF kunye neCovestro, kunye nomthamo odityanisiweyo wamashishini amathathu athatha ngaphezu kwe-60% yomthamo wemveliso wehlabathi uphelele. Phakathi kwazo, i-WH Chemical lishishini elikhokelayo kwishishini le-MDI laseTshayina kunye nelona shishini likhulu lehlabathi lokuvelisa i-MDI.