Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kutshanje akutsalanga nje amehlo, kodwa imeko yehlabathi ikwatsala ingqalelo enkulu.

I-oyile ekrwada iyagquma, imakethi yeekhemikhali iyanda.

Njengoko i-Iraq ne-Saudi Arabia ziqhushumbiswa ngebhombu kwaye ixabiso leoyile ekrwada lifikelela kwi-$70, imakethi yeekhemikhali iphinda inyuke. Njengoko imakethi iqhubeka nokunyuka, abaninzi bacinga ngesizathu "sohlaselo."

Xa sijonga imakethi yamazwe ngamazwe yangoku, le ndlela inzima kakhulu. Phantsi kweemeko zempembelelo entsha ye-crown kunye nolwahlulo lwezoqoqosho, igunya elikhulu laqala ukuqalisa isohlwayo nxamnye namazwe amaninzi. (Ngalo lonke inyathelo lokufumana isohlwayo, ngaba ucinga ukuba ihlabathi lelakho?)

Izahlwayo, ndive amaxesha amaninzi kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo. Iinkampani zaseTshayina ezingamashumi asibhozo zongezwe kuluhlu lwezahlwayo malunga nowama-2020.

Ngokutsho kweendaba zamva nje, i-United States iqalile kwakhona ukumisela izohlwayo kumazwe aliqela, nto leyo ephula kakhulu iimfuno zamazwe amaninzi kwaye iphazamisa ucwangco lwezoqoqosho.

Ngokutsho kwe-Financial News Agency, iSebe lezoRhwebo laseMelika labhengeza ngoDisemba ka-2020 ukuba liza kuyithintela i-DJI ekuthengeni okanye ekusebenziseni iteknoloji yaseMelika. Ngoku i-DJI UAV yaseTshayina ifakiwe kuluhlu lwezohlwayo, nto leyo ebangele ukuba isithathu sabantu abagxothiweyo kwisebe layo laseMntla Melika, kwaye abanye abasebenzi bajoyine iinkampani ezikhuphisanayo.

Ndikholelwa ukuba ndiyakholelwa eRashiya: Iinkampani ezili-14 ze-biochemical zikuluhlu lwezohlwayo

Kutshanje, i-United States, ikhankanya "isiganeko seNavalny", ibeke isohlwayo kwiinkampani ezili-14 kunye namaziko abandakanyeka ekuveliseni ii-arhente zebhayoloji kunye neekhemikhali ngesizathu "sokwenza nokuphanda izixhobo zebhayoloji kunye neekhemikhali".

Ndikholelwa ukuba ndiyakholelwa eTurkey: I-odolo ye-$1.5 yezigidigidi inyuka kakhulu

UGuanghua Jun ngaphambili wayebhekisele kwiindaba "zokuwa kwexabiso lokutshintshiselana kwemali eTurkey". Njengoko kwavela, i-United States yayibeke isohlwayo kwiTurkey ngokuthengiswa kwezixhobo ePakistan, ithintela ukuthunyelwa kweenqwelo-moya ngeenjini zaseMelika, nto leyo eyacima umyalelo we-1.5 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi. Ukongeza, i-United States yabeka esinye isohlwayo kwiTurkey ngokuthenga iinkqubo zaseRashiya. Nceda ukhangele iinkcukacha.
Ezi zohlwayo ngokusisiseko "azinangqondo". Ezinye zezo zohlwayo zijoliswe kwimicimbi yangaphakathi kunye namalungelo oluntu amazwe. Zininzi izizathu zokuba ezo zohlwayo zingangeni kwibhaskithi enye. Ephendula kwezi zohlwayo zingenangqiqo, isithethi seSebe lezeMicimbi yezeNgaphandle laseTshayina uWang Wenbin uthe:

I-China ibisoloko ichasene nemithetho yokunyanzelisa ebekwe kwicala elinye, imithetho yokuthintela amazwe ichaphazela kakhulu ucwangco lwezopolitiko noqoqosho lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nenkqubo yolawulo lwehlabathi, yonakaliswe kakhulu yimithetho yokuthintela amazwe ukuba asebenzise izixhobo, uphuhliso loqoqosho, kunye nemizamo yokuphucula indlela yokuphila yabantu, ukubeka ubomi esichengeni, umngeni wokuzimela, ukonakalisa uphuhliso, kwaye yenze ukwaphulwa kwamalungelo oluntu okuqhubekayo, okucwangcisiweyo, nokukhulu.

Ngamanye amazwi, “izahlulelo” zezi “Andifumani mali kwaye andikuvumeli ukuba wenze imali”. Izahlulelo ziya kuchaphazela ngokuqinisekileyo umyalelo worhwebo phakathi kwamazwe. Ziya kwandisa ukunqongophala kobonelelo lwezinto ezikrwada kunye nezixhobo kwaye zibangele ingxubakaxaka yamaxabiso emarike.

Ngubani olahlekelwa yingxaki yokunqongophala kwehlabathi, imiqathango yorhwebo kunye nemiyalelo elahlekileyo? Okwangoku, iTshayina neRashiya zombini ziqhuba icebo lokulwa nemithetho, ngubani onokuhleka ekugqibeleni, impendulo ibhaliwe engqondweni yomntu wonke.
Inyuke phantse ngama-85% ngenyanga! Abenzi bePolyester abafanele bazamkele iiodolo!

Phantsi kwenkxaso yeendaba, imakethi yeekhemikhali ukususela kwikota yesine ka-2020 yaqala ukwanda. Ngokuvela "kohlaselo", "iisalelo" kunye nezinye iimeko, kunye nobhubhane zichaphazela urhwebo, imakethi yabonakala inqongophala yeetships, ukunqongophala kwezinto eziluhlaza, ukunikezelwa okuncinci kunye nezinye iimeko. Ukuguquguquka, imakethi yeekhemikhali ngokusisiseko iya kunyuka.

Ngokwengxelo yokubeka esweni ibonisa ukuba phantse inyanga, uninzi lweshishini leekhemikhali lusalawulwa kukunyuka. Iimveliso ezingama-80 zizonke zinyukile, phakathi kwazo ezintathu eziphambili zezi: 1, 4-butanediol (84.75%), n-butanol (udidi lwemizi-mveliso) (64.52%), kunye ne-TDI (47.44%).

Ndishwankathele ulwazi oluninzi malunga nokunyuka kwamaxabiso. Okwangoku, singabona ngakumbi uthotho lweshishini leoyile, uthotho lweshishini le-polyurethane kunye nothotho lweshishini le-resin. Iindaba ezimnandi kunye nempembelelo yemfuno ephantsi zibonisa ukuba ezi mveliso zingasentla zisenamandla okunyuka.

Iinkcukacha zokunyuka kwezinto eziluhlaza zezi zilandelayo:

1. Ulwazi olukhulayo ngemixokelelwane yeshishini leoyile kunye ne-polyurethane!

Ulwazi olu-2 lwe-butanediol, i-silicone, ukunyuka kwe-resin!

I-titanium dioxide ezi-3, ulwazi ngexabiso lerabha!

Ioyile ekrwada ihlile namhlanje, nangona kunjalo, phakathi kokunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye nokuxhathisa okuthile. Kodwa ngeBeijing Yanshan Petrochemical yasekhaya (ukugcinwa kokuvalwa kwe-31 kaMatshi iintsuku ezingama-45), ukugcinwa kweTianjin Dagang Petrochemical (ukugcinwa kokuvalwa kwe-15 kaMatshi iintsuku ezingama-70), kulindeleke ukuba ioyile ekrwada ihle kancinci kwixesha elifutshane, kodwa ekupheleni kukaMatshi okanye ibuyele kwindlela ephezulu.
Ukongeza, ngenxa yokwehla kwe-oyile ekrwada, uthotho lweshishini le-polyester nalo lwaqala ukuguquguquka, i-PTA yehla nge-130-250 yuan/ton ngosuku olunye, imakethi yaseMpuma China icaphule i-5770-5800 yuan/ton, iSouth China icaphule i-6100-6150 yuan/ton. Ngokweentloko zefayibha zamakhemikhali ezixeliweyo, amashishini elaphu asezantsi ngoku ngenxa yezinto eziphezulu zokwenza imveliso, nangona i-upstream ibonakala inciphile, kodwa isazama ukwamkela ii-odolo, ayifuni ukuvelisa.

Ngaphandle kwecandelo lemveliso yeoyile ekrwada, ixabiso le-50-400 yuan/ton lihlile, kwaye uninzi lweemveliso lubonisa ukunyuka. Kule veki, uluhlu lwemveliso yeoyile ekrwada lusenokuba nendawo encinci yokwehla, ungagcina imali eninzi xa uyifuna.

Impembelelo yeendaba ezininzi, izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo yanda kakhulu yaba ngumkhwa!

Ukungalingani phakathi kokunikezelwa kunye nemfuno kunzima ukukunciphisa kwisiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka, ukunyuka kwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kube yinto engenakuphepheka. Izixhobo zasekhaya zingene kwixesha lokugcinwa, kwaye ukunyuka kwezohlwayo kukhokelele ekwandeni kwemithwalo. Kulindeleke ukuba ukwanda kwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ngoMatshi kusabonakala kukhulu.

Phantsi kwempembelelo yeeseshoni ezimbini ezikhoyo, iBhunga likaRhulumente libeke phambili umgaqo-nkqubo "wozinzo oluthandathu" kunye "nokhuseleko oluthandathu" ukuthintela ngokungqongqo ukuqokelelwa kunye nokunyuka kwamaxabiso ezinto eziluhlaza kunye neemveliso zoshishino ezisisiseko, nto leyo enokubangela umngcipheko wokulungiswa kwemarike.

Kuyaqondakala ukuba amaphondo, imibutho yemizi-mveliso kunye neyezorhwebo kulo lonke ilizwe ukuze aphande ukunyuka kwezinto eziluhlaza, iKhomishini yoPhuhliso noHlaziyo yeSizwe, iOfisi yoLawulo lweMasipala kwixabiso lezinto eziluhlaza ukuze kufunyanwe imeko, uninzi lwezinto eziluhlaza ezicingelwayo zokulandelela nokuvavanya, ixabiso lamashishini anobungozi lokwenza uphando oluchasene nokuzimela. Ukongeza, amashishini asezantsi naphezulu ezinto eziluhlaza zemvelo ziyakhuthazwa ukuba zenze indlela yokudibanisa amaxabiso ukuze kuchongwe unxibelelwano phakathi kwamaxabiso okusebenza kwekhontrakthi kunye namaxabiso ezinto eziluhlaza, kunye nokuxoxisana ngamaxabiso okungenisa izinto ezinkulu ezixhomekeke kakhulu kwiimpahla zangaphandle, ukuze kugcinwe inqanaba eliqhelekileyo lamaxabiso ezinto eziluhlaza zasekhaya.

Kodwa ngokunyuka komdlalo wamazwe ngamazwe, uxinzelelo lwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo lunokuba lubi ngakumbi, nokuba kungakanani na ukurhoxa okanye kungabi kukhulu, xa ujonga ixesha.