Umgaqo wokuRhuba

Ukuhluthwa kukusetyenziswa kwesenzo sekhemikhali ukutshabalalisa idayi kwifiber kwaye iyenze ilahlekelwe ngumbala wayo.
Kukho iindidi ezimbini eziphambili zeekhemikhali zokuhlutha iikhemikhali. Enye i-reductive stripping agents, eziphumeza injongo yokufiphala okanye ukuphelisa umbala ngokutshabalalisa inkqubo yemibala kwisakhiwo semolekyuli yedayi. Ngokomzekelo, iidayi ezinesakhiwo se-azo zineqela le-azo. Inokuncitshiswa ibe liqela le-amino kwaye ilahlekelwe ngumbala wayo. Nangona kunjalo, umonakalo we-ejenti yokunciphisa kwi-color color ye-dyes ethile iyabuyiswa, ngoko ke ukucima kunokubuyiselwa, njengenkqubo yombala wesakhiwo se-anthraquinone. I-sulfonate ye-sodium kunye ne-powder emhlophe isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo i-reductive peeling agents. Enye i-oxidative stripping agents, phakathi kwazo ezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu yihydrogen peroxide kunye nesodium hypochlorite. Ngaphantsi kweemeko ezithile, i-oxidants inokubangela umonakalo kumaqela athile enza inkqubo yombala we-molecular yedayi, njengokubola kwamaqela e-azo, i-oxidation yamaqela e-amino, i-methylation yamaqela e-hydroxy, kunye nokuhlukana kwee-ion zetsimbi ezinzima. Olu tshintsho lungenakuguqulwa lwesakhiwo lukhokelela ekuphelelweni okanye ekutshintsheni umbala wedayi, ngoko ke ithiyori, i-oxidative stripping agent ingasetyenziselwa unyango olupheleleyo lokuhluba. Le ndlela isebenza ngokukodwa kwiidayi ezinesakhiwo se-anthraquinone.

Ukuhluthwa kwedayi eqhelekileyo

2.1 Ukuhluthwa kwedayi ezisebenzayo

Nayiphi na idayi esebenzayo equkethe i-metal complexes kufuneka iqale ibiliswe kwisisombululo se-metal polyvalent chelating agent (2 g / L EDTA). Emva koko hlamba ngokucokisekileyo ngamanzi phambi kokunciphisa i-alkaline okanye unyango lwe-oxidation stripping. Ukuhluthwa okupheleleyo ngokuqhelekileyo kunyangwa kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu kwimizuzu engama-30 kwi-alkali kunye ne-sodium hydroxide. Emva kokuba i-peelling ibuyiselwe, hlamba kakuhle. Emva koko kubanda i-bleached kwisisombululo se-sodium hypochlorite. Umzekelo wenkqubo:
Imizekelo yenkqubo eqhubekayo yokuhlubula:
Ilaphu lokudaya → isisombululo sokunciphisa i-padding (i-caustic soda 20 g/l, isoluene 30 g/l) → 703 ukucutha umphunga womphunga (100℃) → ukuhlamba → ukomisa

Umzekelo wenkqubo yokudaya ivat:

Ilaphu elinombala ongasebenziyo→ireel→2 amanzi ashushu→2 isoda yecaustic (20g/l)→8 umbala oxobukayo (i-sodium sulfide 15g/l, 60℃) 4 amanzi ashushu→isikrolo samanzi abandayo ama-2→inqanaba lesiqhelo le-sodium hypochlorite inkqubo yokwenza ibleaching (NaClO) I-2.5 g / l, ifakwe kwi-45 imizuzu).

2.2 Ukuhluthwa kwedayi yesulfure

Iilaphu ezidayiweyo zesulfure zivame ukulungiswa ngokuphathwa kwisisombululo esingenanto se-agent yokunciphisa (i-6 g / L yamandla agcweleyo ye-sodium sulfide) kwiqondo eliphezulu lobushushu elinokwenzeka ukufezekisa ukuxutywa kwenxalenye yelaphu elidayiweyo ngaphambi kokudaywa kwakhona. umbala. Kwiimeko ezinzima, i-sodium hypochlorite okanye i-sodium hypochlorite kufuneka isetyenziswe.
Umzekelo wenkqubo
Umzekelo wombala okhanyayo:
Elaphini → ukufunxa ngakumbi nokuqengqeleka (i-sodium hypochlorite 5-6 grams iilitha, 50 ℃) → 703 umphunga (imizuzu emi-2) → ukuhlamba ngamanzi agcweleyo → ukomiswa.

Umzekelo omnyama:
Umbala welaphu elingafezekanga → i-oxalic acid eqengqelekayo (15 g/l ku-40°C) → ukomisa → i-sodium hypochlorite eqengqelekayo (6 g/l, 30°C imizuzwana eyi-15) → ukuyihlamba nokuyomisa ngokupheleleyo

Imizekelo yeenkqubo zebhetshi:
I-55% ye-crystalline sodium sulfide: 5-10 g / l; i-soda ash: 2-5 g / l (okanye 36 ° BéNaOH 2-5 ml / l);
Ubushushu 80-100, ixesha 15-30, umlinganiselo wokuhlamba 1: 30-40.

2.3 Ukususwa kwedayi yeasidi

Ubilise imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-45 ngamanzi ammonia (2O ukuya kwi-30 g/L) kunye ne-anionic wetting agent (1 ukuya kwi-2 g/L). Ngaphambi konyango lwe-ammonia, sebenzisa i-sodium sulfonate (i-10 ukuya kwi-20 g / L) kwi-70 ° C ukuze uncede ukugqiba ukucoca. Ekugqibeleni, indlela yokuqhawula i-oxidation nayo ingasetyenziswa.
Ngaphantsi kweemeko ze-acidic, ukongeza i-surfactant ekhethekileyo kunokuba nefuthe elihle lokuxobula. Kukho nabo basebenzisa iimeko zealkaline ukuxobula umbala.

Umzekelo wenkqubo:
Imizekelo yenkqubo yokwenyani yokuxobula isilika:

Ukunciphisa, ukuhluba kunye ne-bleaching (i-soda ash 1g / L, ukudibanisa okusicaba kwe-O 2g / L, umgubo wesulfure 2-3g / L, ubushushu 60 ℃, ixesha 30-45min, umlinganiselo wokuhlambela 1:30) → unyango lwangaphambili (i-ferrous sulfate heptahydrate) 10g/L, 50% hypophosphorous acid 2g/L, formic acid lungisa pH 3-3.5, 80°C for 60min)→rinse (80°C hlamba for 20min)→ukuhluba oxidation kunye nebleaching (35% hydrogen peroxide 10mL /L, pentacrystalline sodium silicate 3-5g/L, ubushushu 70-8O℃, ixesha 45-90min, pH ixabiso 8-10)→coca

Umzekelo wenkqubo yokuhlubula uboya:

Nifanidine AN: 4; Oxalic acid: 2%; Phakamisa ubushushu ukubilisa ngaphakathi kwemizuzu engama-30 kwaye uyigcine kwindawo yokubilisa imizuzu engama-20-30; wandule ukuyicoca.

Umzekelo wenkqubo yokuhlubula inayiloni:

36°BéNaOH: 1%-3%; flat plus O: 15% -20%; isicoci sokwenziwa: 5% -8%; umlinganiselo wokuhlamba: 1:25-1:30; ubushushu: 98-100 ° C; ixesha: 20-30min (de kube yonke decolorization).

Emva kokuba wonke umbala uxotshiwe, ubushushu buyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye buhlanjwe kakuhle ngamanzi, emva koko i-alkali eseleyo kwi-nylon ingathathi hlangothi ngokupheleleyo nge-0.5mL / L i-acetic acid kwi-30 ° C nge-10min, kwaye emva koko ihlanjwe. enamanzi.

2.4 Ukususwa kwedayi yevat

Ngokuqhelekileyo, kwinkqubo edibeneyo ye-sodium hydroxide kunye ne-sodium hydroxide, idayi yelaphu iyancipha kwakhona kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu. Ngamanye amaxesha kuyimfuneko yokongeza isisombululo se-polyvinylpyrrolidine, njenge-BASF's Albigen A.

Imizekelo yenkqubo eqhubekayo yokuhlubula:

Ilaphu lokudaya → isisombululo sokunciphisa i-padding (i-caustic soda 20 g/l, isoluene 30 g/l) → 703 ukucutha umphunga womphunga (100℃) → ukuhlamba → ukomisa

Umzekelo wenkqubo yokuxobula okwethutyana:

I-Pingping kunye ne-O: 2-4g / L; 36°BéNaOH: 12-15ml/L; I-sodium hydroxide: 5-6g / L;

Ngexesha lonyango lokuhluthwa, ubushushu ngu-70-80 ℃, ixesha liyi-30-60 imizuzu, kunye nomlinganiselo wokuhlamba ngu-1: 30-40.

2.5 Ukususwa kweedayi ezisasazwayo

Ezi ndlela zilandelayo zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukukhulula iidayi ezisasazwa kwipolyester:

Indlela yoku-1: I-Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate kunye ne-carrier, iphathwa kwi-100 ° C kunye ne-pH4-5; umphumo wonyango ubaluleke kakhulu kwi-130 ° C.

Indlela yesi-2: I-sodium chlorite kunye ne-asidi ye-formic icutshungulwa kwi-100 ° C kunye ne-pH 3.5.

Esona siphumo singcono sisanyango lokuqala olulandelwa lunyango lwesibini. Kangangoko kunokwenzeka phezu kwedayi emnyama emva konyango.

2.6 Ukuhluthwa kwedayi yecationic

Ukuhluthwa kwedayi ezisasazekileyo kwipolyester ngokuqhelekileyo kusebenzisa ezi ndlela zilandelayo:

Kwibhafu equkethe i-5 ml / ilitha i-monoethanolamine kunye ne-5 g / ilitha ye-sodium chloride, phatha kwindawo yokubilisa ngeyure eli-1. Emva koko uyihlambulule, kwaye emva koko i-bleach kwindawo yokuhlambela equkethe i-5 ml / L ye-sodium hypochlorite (i-150 g / L ekhoyo i-chlorine), i-5 g / L ye-nitrate ye-sodium (i-corrosion inhibitor), kwaye ulungelelanise i-pH kwi-4 ukuya kwi-4.5 nge-acidic acid. Imizuzu engama-30. Ekugqibeleni, ilaphu liphathwa nge-sodium chloride sulfite (3 g / L) kwi-60 ° C imizuzu eyi-15, okanye i-1-1.5 g / L ye-sodium hydroxide kwi-85 ° C kwi-20 ukuya kwi-30 imizuzu. Kwaye ekugqibeleni uyicoce.

Ukusebenzisa i-detergent (i-0.5 ukuya kwi-1 g / L) kunye nesisombululo esibilisayo se-acetic acid ukunyanga ilaphu elidayiweyo kwi-pH 4 kwiiyure ze-1-2 nazo zinokufikelela kwisiphumo esincinci se-peeling.
Umzekelo wenkqubo:
Nceda ubhekisele kumzekelo we-5.1 welaphu elinithiweyo le-acrylic.

2.7 Ukususwa kweedayi ze-azo ezinganyibilikiyo

I-5 ukuya kwi-10 ml / ilitha ye-38 ° Bé i-caustic soda, i-1 ukuya kwi-2 ml / ilitha ye-dispersant ye-heat-stable, kunye ne-3 ukuya kwi-5 g / ilitha ye-sodium hydroxide, kunye ne-0.5 ukuya kwi-1 g / ilitha ye-anthraquinone powder. Ukuba kukho i-sodium hydroxide eyaneleyo kunye ne-caustic soda, i-anthraquinone iya kwenza ulwelo lokuhluba lube bomvu. Ukuba ijika ibe tyheli okanye ibe mdaka, i-caustic soda okanye i-sodium hydroxide kufuneka yongezwe. Ilaphu elikhutshiweyo kufuneka lihlanjwe ngokucokisekileyo.

2.8 Ukukrazulwa kwepeyinti

Ipeyinti kunzima ukuyixobula, ngokuqhelekileyo sebenzisa i-potassium permanganate ukuxobula.

Umzekelo wenkqubo:

Ukudaya ilaphu elineziphene → ukuqengqeleka kwepotassium permanganate (18 g/l) → ukuhlamba ngamanzi → ukuqengqeleka i-oxalic acid (20 g/l, 40°C) → ukuhlamba ngamanzi → ukomisa.

Ukuhluthwa kwezinto ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo zokugqiba

3.1 Ukukhutshwa kwe-arhente yokulungisa

I-arhente yokulungisa i-Y inokuhluthwa kunye nenani elincinci le-soda ash kunye nokongeza i-O; i-agent ye-polyamine cationic fixing inokuhluthwa ngokubilisa nge-acetic acid.

3.2 Ukususwa kweoli ye-silicone kunye ne-softener

Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-softeners inokususwa ngokuhlamba nge-detergent, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha i-soda ash kunye ne-detergent isetyenziswa; ezinye izinto ezithambisayo kufuneka zisuswe ngefomomic acid kunye nesurfactant. Indlela yokususa kunye neemeko zenkqubo ziphantsi kovavanyo lwesampula.

Ioli ye-silicone inzima kakhulu ukuyisusa, kodwa nge-surfactant ekhethekileyo, phantsi kweemeko ezinamandla ze-alkaline, ukubilisa kungasetyenziselwa ukususa ioli eninzi ye-silicone. Kakade ke, ezi ziphantsi kovavanyo lwesampulu.

3.3 Ukususwa kwe-arhente yokugqiba intlaka

I-agent yokugqiba i-resin isuswa ngokubanzi ngendlela ye-asidi yokutshisa kunye nokuhlamba. Inkqubo eqhelekileyo yile: umxube we-asidi ekhutshiweyo (i-hydrochloric acid yoxinzelelo lwe-1.6 g/l) → ukupakisha (85 ℃ 10 imizuzu) → ukuhlamba ngamanzi ashushu → ukuhlamba ngamanzi abandayo → ukomisa ukomisa. Ngale nkqubo, i-resin kwilaphu inokukhutshwa kwi-flat track scouring eqhubekayo kunye nomatshini wokuhlamba.

Umgaqo wokulungiswa komthunzi kunye neteknoloji

4.1 Umgaqo kunye neteknoloji yokulungiswa kokukhanya kombala
Xa umthunzi wengubo edayiweyo ungahlangabezani neemfuno, kufuneka ulungiswe. Umgaqo wokulungiswa kwe-shading ngumgaqo wombala oseleyo. Okubizwa ngokuba ngumbala oseleyo, oko kukuthi, imibala emibini ineempawu zokuthabatha ngokufanayo. Izibini ezisele zombala zezi: obomvu kunye nohlaza, i-orenji kunye ne-blue, kunye ne-yellow and purple. Umzekelo, ukuba ukukhanya okubomvu kunzima kakhulu, unokongeza inani elincinci lepeyinti eluhlaza ukuze unciphise. Nangona kunjalo, umbala oseleyo usetyenziselwa kuphela ukulungelelanisa ukukhanya kombala kwisixa esincinci. Ukuba isixa sikhulu kakhulu, siyakuchaphazela ubunzulu bombala kunye nokucaca, kunye nedosi ngokubanzi malunga ne-lg/L.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, amalaphu edayi asebenzayo adayiweyo kunzima ngakumbi ukuwalungisa, kunye nedayi yevat edayiwe kulula ukuyilungisa; xa iidayi zesulfure zilungiswa, umthunzi unzima ukuwulawula, ngokuqhelekileyo usebenzisa i-vat dyes ukongeza kunye nokukhupha imibala; iidayi ezithe ngqo zingasetyenziselwa ukulungiswa okongeziweyo, kodwa isixa kufuneka sibe ngaphantsi kwe-1 g / L.

Iindlela eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswayo zokulungiswa komthunzi ziquka ukuhlamba kwamanzi (akulungele ukudaya amalaphu agqityiweyo anemithunzi emnyama, imibala edadayo ngakumbi, kunye nokulungiswa kwamalaphu ngokuhlamba okungonelisiyo kunye nokukhawuleza kwesepha), ukuhluthwa ukukhanya (jonga inkqubo yokuqhawula idayi, iimeko Kukhaphukhaphu kune inkqubo eqhelekileyo yokuhlubula), ukuphoswa kwealkali umphunga (usebenza kwiidayi ezibuthathaka zealkali, uninzi lwazo zisetyenziselwa iidayi ezisebenzayo; njengelaphu lokudaya elimnyama le-KNB elihambelana nombala njengokukhanya okuluhlaza, ungaqengqeleka isixa esifanelekileyo sesoda ye-caustic, Ukongezwa ngokuhlamba ngomphunga kunye nokuhlamba okumcaba ukufezekisa injongo yokukhanyisa ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka), i-ejenti yokwenza mhlophe (isebenza kwisibane esibomvu samalaphu agqityiweyo adayiweyo, ngakumbi amalaphu agqityiweyo adayiwe ngedayi yevat, umbala uba ngakumbi xa umbala uphakathi okanye ulula. Ukuphumelela kombala oqhelekileyo, ukuchithwa kwakhona kwe-bleaching kunokuqwalaselwa, kodwa i-hydrogen peroxide bleaching kufuneka ibe yindlela ephambili yokuphepha ukuguqulwa kombala okungadingekile.
4.2 Umzekelo wenkqubo yokulungiswa komthunzi: indlela yokukhupha idayi esebenzayo

4.2.1 Kwitanki yokuqala yokuhlambela eflethi yegridi ezintlanu kumatshini wesepha wokunciphisa, yongeza i-1 g/L iflethi eflethi uze ugalele i-O ekubiliseni, emva koko uhlambe umcaba, ngokuqhelekileyo i-15% ingekho nzulu.

4.2.2 Kwiitanki zokuqala ezintlanu zokuhlambela umatshini wokunciphisa isepha, yongeza i-lg / L flat kunye ne-flat O, i-1mL / L ye-acetic acid ye-glacial, kwaye ugqithise umatshini kwiqondo lokushisa ukuze wenze ukukhanya kwe-orenji kube lula nge-10%.

4.2.3 I-Padding 0.6mL / L yamanzi e-bleaching kwi-tank yokuqengqeleka yomatshini wokunciphisa, kunye nebhokisi yokuphunga kwiqondo lokushisa lokushisa, amacandelo amabini okuqala etanki yokuhlamba ayifuni amanzi, amacandelo amabini okugqibela ahlanjwa ngamanzi abandayo. , elinye igumbi elinamanzi ashushu, nesepha. Ukugxininiswa kwamanzi okuxutywa kwe-bleaching kuyahluka, kwaye ubunzulu be-peeling bubuye buhluke, kwaye umbala we-bleaching peeling uyancipha kancinci.

4.2.4 Sebenzisa i-10L ye-27.5% ye-hydrogen peroxide, i-3L ye-hydrogen peroxide stabilizer, i-2L ye-36 ° Bé caustic soda, i-1L ye-209 yesicoci se-209 ukuya kwi-500L yamanzi, iqhume kumatshini wokunciphisa, uze ugalele i-O ukubilisa, isepha kunye pheka. I-15% engekho nzulu.

4.2.5 Sebenzisa i-5-10g / L yesoda yokubhaka, umphunga ukuhluba umbala, uhlambe kwaye ubilise ngesepha, ingaba yi-10-20% elula, kwaye umbala uya kuba luhlaza emva kokuhluthwa.

4.2.6 Sebenzisa i-10g/L caustic soda, i-steam stripping, iwashing kunye nesepha, ingaba yi-20% -30% ikhaphukhaphu, kwaye ukukhanya kombala kumnyama kancinci.

4.2.7 Sebenzisa i-sodium perborate 20g / L umphunga ukuhluba umbala, onokuba lula nge-10-15%.

4.2.8 Sebenzisa i-27.5% ye-hydrogen peroxide 1-5L kumatshini we-jig wokudaya, qhuba i-2 idlula kwi-70℃, isampuli, kwaye ulawule ukuxinwa kwe-hydrogen peroxide kunye nenani lokudlula ngokobunzulu bombala. Umzekelo, ukuba uhlaza olumnyama ludlula i-2, lunokuba luncinci njengesiqingatha ukuya kwisiqingatha. Malunga ne-10%, umthunzi utshintsha kancinci.

4.2.9 Beka i-250mL yamanzi e-bleaching kwi-250L yamanzi kumatshini wokudaya wejig, hamba imizila emi-2 kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, kwaye inokukhutshwa ingekho nzulu njenge-10-15%.

I-4.2.1O inokongezwa kumatshini wokudaya wejig, yongeza i-O kunye ne-soda ash peeling.

Imizekelo yenkqubo yokulungisa isiphene sokudaya

5.1 Imizekelo yokwenziwa kombala welaphu le-acrylic

5.1.1 Iintyatyambo ezinombala okhanyayo

5.1.1.1 Inkqubo yokuhamba:

Ilaphu, i-surfactant 1227, i-acetic acid → imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwi-100°C, ukugcinwa kobushushu imizuzu engama-30 → 60°C ukuhlamba ngamanzi ashushu → ukuhlamba ngamanzi abandayo → ukufudumala ukuya kutsho kuma-60°C, ukufaka idayi kunye ne-acetic acid ukubamba imizuzu eyi-10. → ukufudumeza kancinci ukuya kuma-98°C, gcina ubushushu imizuzu engama-40 → kancinci kancinci Phola ukuya kuma-60°C ukuvelisa ilaphu.

5.1.1.2 Ifomula yokuhluba:

I-Surfactant 1227: 2%; i-acetic acid 2.5%; ibhafu ratio 1:10

5.1.1.3 Ifomula yokuchasa idayi:

Idayi zeCationic (ziguqulelwe kwifomula yenkqubo yokuqala) 2O%; iacetic acid 3%; ibhafu ratio 1:20

5.1.2 Iintyatyambo ezinemibala emnyama

5.1.2.1 Indlela yenkqubo:

Ilaphu, i-sodium hypochlorite, i-acetic acid → ukufudumeza ukuya kwi-100°C, imizuzu engama-30 → ukupholisa amanzi okuhlamba → i-sodium bisulfite → 60°C, imizuzu engama-20 → ukuhlamba ngamanzi ashushu → ukuhlamba ngamanzi abandayo → 60°C, faka idayi kunye ne-acetic acid. → nyusa kancinane ukuya ku-100°C, hlala ushushu imizuzu eyi-4O →Nciphisa kancinci iqondo lobushushu libe ku-60°C kwilaphu.

5.1.2.2 Ifomula yokuhluba:

I-sodium hypochlorite: 2O%; i-acetic acid 10%;

Bath ratio 1:20

5.1.2.3 Ifomula yeklorini:

Isodium bisulfite 15%

Bath ratio 1:20

5.1.2.4 Ifomula yokudaya

Idayi zeCationic (ziguqulelwe kwifomula yenkqubo yokuqala) 120%

Iacetic acid 3%

Bath ratio 1:20

5.2 Umzekelo wokulungiswa kokudaya kwelaphu lenayiloni

5.2.1 Iintyatyambo ezinombala omncinci

Xa umahluko kubunzulu bombala yi-20% -30% yobunzulu bokudaya ngokwayo, ngokubanzi i-5% -10% yenqanaba kunye ne-O ingasetyenziswa, umlinganiselo wokuhlamba uyafana nokudaya, kwaye ubushushu buphakathi kwama-80. ℃ kunye ne85 ℃. Xa ubunzulu bufikelela malunga ne-20% yobunzulu bokudaya, nyusa kancinci iqondo lobushushu ukuya kwi-100°C kwaye uyigcine ishushu de idayi ifunxwe yifayibha kangangoko.

5.2.2 Intyatyambo enombala ophakathi

Kwimithunzi ephakathi, iindlela zokunciphisa inxalenye zingasetyenziselwa ukongeza idayi kubunzulu bokuqala.

I-Na2CO3 5%-10%

Yongeza i-O 1O% -l5% ngokuthe tye

Bath ratio 1:20-1:25

Iqondo lobushushu 98℃-100℃

Ixesha le-90 min-120min

Emva kokuba umbala uncitshisiwe, ilaphu lihlanjwa ngamanzi ashushu kuqala, lize lihlanjwe ngamanzi abandayo, lize ekugqibeleni lidaywe.

5.2.3 Ukutshintsha kombala okumandundu

Inkqubo:

36°BéNaOH: 1%-3%

Iflethi kunye ne-O: 15% ～20%

Isicoci sokwenziwa: 5% -8%

Bath ratio 1:25-1:30

Iqondo lobushushu 98℃-100℃

Ixesha le-20min-30min (de kube yonke i-decolorization)
Emva kokuba wonke umbala uhlanjululwe, iqondo lokushisa liyancitshiswa ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye lihlanjululwe ngokucokisekileyo nge-0.5 mL ye-acetic acid kwi-30 ° C kwimizuzu eyi-10 ukuze ingabikho ngokupheleleyo i-alkali eseleyo, kwaye ihlanjululwe ngamanzi ukuze iphinde idayi. Eminye imibala ayifanelanga idayiwe ngemibala yokuqala emva kokuba ixotshiwe. Ngenxa yokuba umbala wesiseko welaphu uba tyheli emva kokuba uxotshiwe. Kule meko, umbala kufuneka utshintshwe. Umzekelo: Emva kokuba umbala wekamela ukhutshiwe ngokupheleleyo, umbala ongasemva uya kuba tyheli. Ukuba umbala wenkamela uphinde udaywe, umthunzi uya kuba ngwevu. Ukuba usebenzisa i-Pura Red 10B, yilungise ngexabiso elincinci lokukhanya okutyheli kwaye uyitshintshe kumbala weshweshwe ukugcina umthunzi uqaqambile.

umfanekiso

5.3 Umzekelo wokudaya unyango lwelaphu lepolyester

5.3.1 Iintyatyambo ezinombala omncinci,

I-ejenti yokulungisa iintyatyambo ze-strip okanye i-agent yomgangatho ophezulu wokushisa i-1-2 g / L, iphinde ifudumeze kwi-135 ° C imizuzu engama-30. Idayi eyongezelelweyo yi-10% -20% yedosi yokuqala, kunye nexabiso le-pH yi-5, enokuphelisa umbala welaphu, ibala, umehluko womthunzi kunye nobunzulu bombala, kwaye umphumo uyafana naleyo yelaphu lemveliso yesiqhelo. iwotshi.

5.3.2 Amabala anzima

I-sodium chlorite 2-5 g / L, i-acetic acid 2-3 g / L, i-methyl naphthalene 1-2 g / L;

Qala unyango kwi-30 ° C, ukushisa kwi-2 ° C / min ukuya kwi-100 ° C kwi-60 min, uze uhlambe isambatho ngamanzi.

5.4 Imizekelo yonyango lweziphene ezimandundu kwilaphu lomqhaphu lokudaya ngeedayi ezisebenzayo

Uqukuqelo lwenkqubo: ukuhluba → i-oxidation → ukudaya ngokuchasayo

5.4.1 Ukuxobula umbala

5.4.1.1 Umyalelo wenkqubo:

Umgubo we-inshurensi 5 g／L-6 g／L

I-Ping Ping ene-O 2 g／L-4 g／L

38°Bé caustic soda 12 mL／L-15 mL／L

Iqondo lobushushu 60℃-70℃

Ibhafu ratio l: lO

Ixesha 30min

5.4.1.2 Indlela yokusebenza kunye namanyathelo

Yongeza amanzi ngokomlinganiselo wokuhlambela, yongeza i-flat esele inobunzima be-O, i-caustic soda, i-sodium hydroxide, kunye nelaphu kumatshini, vula umphunga kwaye wandise ubushushu ukuya kuma-70 ° C, kwaye uxobule umbala imizuzu engama-30. Emva kokucoca, cima i-liquid eseleyo, uhlambe kabini ngamanzi acocekileyo, uze ukhuphe ulwelo.

5.4.2 I-oxidation

5.4.2.1 Umyalelo wenkqubo

3O%H2O2 3mL／L

38°Bé caustic soda l mL／L

Izinzisi 0.2mL/L

Iqondo lobushushu 95℃

Bath ratio 1:10

Ixesha le-60 min

5.4.2.2 Indlela yokusebenza kunye namanyathelo

Yongeza amanzi ngokomlinganiselo wokuhlambela, yongeza i-stabilizers, i-caustic soda, i-hydrogen peroxide kunye nezinye izongezelelo, vula umphunga kwaye unyuse ubushushu ukuya kuma-95 ° C, yigcine imizuzu engama-60, emva koko wehlise ubushushu ukuya kuma-75 ° C, khupha amanzi. ulwelo kwaye ungeze amanzi, yongeza i-0.2 soda, uhlambe imizuzu engama-20, ukhuphe ulwelo; sebenzisa Hlamba emanzini ashushu kwi-80 ° C imizuzu engama-20; hlamba ngamanzi ashushu kwi-60 ° C imizuzu engama-20, kwaye uhlambe ngamanzi abandayo abandayo de ilaphu lipholile ngokupheleleyo.

5.4.3 Ukuchasa

5.4.3.1 Umyalelo wenkqubo

Idayi ezisebenzayo: 30% x% yenkqubo yokuqala yokusetyenziswa

I-Yuanming powder: i-50% Y% yokusetyenziswa kwenkqubo yokuqala

Uthuthu lwesoda: 50% z% yokusetyenziswa kwenkqubo yokuqala

Ibhafu ratio l: lO

Ubushushu ngokwenkqubo yokuqala

5.4.3.2 Indlela yokusebenza kunye namanyathelo
Landela indlela eqhelekileyo yokudaya kunye namanyathelo.

Intshayelelo emfutshane yenkqubo yokuhlubula umbala welaphu elidityanisiweyo

Iidayi ezisasazwayo kunye ne-asidi zinokuxotyulwa kancinane kwilaphu le-diacetate/uboya obuxutywe ne-3 ukuya kwi-5% ye-alkylamine polyoxyethylene kuma-80 ukuya kuma-85°C kunye ne-pH 5 ukuya ku-6 imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kuma-60. Olu nyango lunokususa ngokuyinxenye iidayi ezisasazwayo kwi-acetate component kwi-diacetate/nylon kunye ne-diacetate/polyacrylonitrile fiber blends. Ukuhluthwa ngokuyinxenye kweedayi ezisasazwayo kwi-polyester/polyacrylonitrile okanye i-polyester/uboya kufuna ukubiliswa kunye nomthwali ukuya kwiiyure ezi-2. Ukongeza i-5 ukuya kwi-10 grams / ilitha ye-non-ionic detergent kunye ne-1 ukuya kwi-2 grams / ilitha yomgubo omhlophe ngokuqhelekileyo unokuphucula i-peeling ye-polyester / polyacrylonitrile fibers.

I-1 g/L isihlambi se-anionic; I-3 g/L i-cationic dye retardant; kunye ne-4 g / L unyango lwe-sodium sulfate kwindawo yokubilisa kunye ne-pH 10 kwimizuzu engama-45. Inokuhluba ngokuyinxenye ialkaline kunye nedayi yeasidi kwilaphu elidityanisiweyo lenayiloni/alkaline yepolyester ediyiweyo.

I-1% yokucoca i-non-ionic; I-2% ye-cationic dye retardant; kunye ne-10% ukuya kwi-15% yonyango lwe-sodium sulfate kwindawo yokubilisa kunye ne-pH 5 kwi-90 kwi-120 imizuzu. Ihlala isetyenziselwa ukuhluba uboya/ifiber polyacrylonitrile.

Sebenzisa i-2 ukuya kwi-5 grams / ilitha ye-caustic soda, kunye ne-2 ukuya kwi-5 grams / ilitha ye-sodium hydroxide, ukunciphisa ukucocwa kwi-80 ukuya kwi-85 ° C, okanye isisombululo esilinganiselweyo se-alkaline somgubo omhlophe kwi-120 ° C, esinokufumaneka kwi-polyester / I-cellulose Idayi ezininzi ezithe ngqo kunye nezisebenzayo ziyasuswa kumxube.

Sebenzisa i-3% ukuya kwi-5% yomgubo omhlophe kunye ne-anionic detergent ukunyanga imizuzu ye-4O-6O kwi-80 ℃ kunye ne-pH4. Iidayi ezisasaza kunye ne-asidi zinokukhutshwa kwifayibha ye-diacetate/polypropylene, idiacetate/uboya, idiacetate/nayiloni, inayiloni/ipolyurethane, kunye ne-asidi edayyikayo inayiloni eyenziwe ngomsonto.

Sebenzisa i-1-2 g / L ye-sodium chlorite, ubilise i-1 iyure kwi-pH 3.5, ukukrazula i-disperse, cationic, idayi echanekileyo okanye esebenzayo kwi-cellulose / polyacrylonitrile fiber blended fabric. Xa ukhulula i-triacetate / i-polyacrylonitrile, i-polyester / i-polyacrylonitrile, kunye ne-polyester / i-cellulose edibeneyo yendwangu, i-carrier efanelekileyo kunye ne-non-ionic detergent kufuneka yongezwe.

Iingqwalasela zemveliso

7.1 Ilaphu kufuneka livavanywe isampuli phambi kokuxobula okanye ukulungisa umthunzi.
7.2 Ukuhlamba (amanzi abandayo okanye ashushu) kufuneka kuqiniswe emva kokuba ilaphu lixotyulwe.
7.3 Ukukhulula kufuneka kube okwexeshana kwaye kufuneka kuphindwe ukuba kukho imfuneko.
7.4 Xa ukuhluthwa, iimeko zokushisa kunye nezongezelelo kufuneka zilawulwe ngokungqongqo ngokweempawu zedayi ngokwazo, ezifana nokumelana ne-oxidation, ukumelana ne-alkali, kunye ne-chlorine bleaching resistance. Ukuthintela ubuninzi bezongezo okanye ukulawulwa kobushushu obungafanelekanga, okubangela ukukhupha okanye ukukhupha. Xa kukho imfuneko, inkqubo kufuneka igqitywe nge-stakeout.
7.5 Xa ilaphu lixotyulwe ngokuyinxenye, kuya kwenzeka ezi meko zilandelayo:
7.5.1 Kunyango lobunzulu bombala wedayi, umthunzi wedayi awuyi kutshintsha kakhulu, kuphela ubunzulu bombala buya kutshintsha. Ukuba iimeko zokuhluthwa kombala zinobuchule, zinokuhlangabezana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zesampulu yombala;
7.5.2 Xa ilaphu elidaywe ngeedayi ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu kunye nokusebenza okufanayo kuhluthwe ngokuyinxenye, utshintsho lomthunzi luncinci. Ngenxa yokuba idayi ihluthwe kuphela kwiqondo elifanayo, ilaphu elikhutshiweyo liya kubonakala kuphela Utshintsho kubunzulu.
7.5.3 Ukunyangwa kweempahla zokudaya ngeedayi ezahlukeneyo ngobunzulu bombala, ngokuqhelekileyo kuyimfuneko ukuhlutha iidayi kunye nokudaywa kwakhona.