Ukususela ngo-2022, iimpawu zexesha elingekho semgangathweni lepetroli nedizili ziya zicaca kancinci. Imarike "yokunyuka ngaphezu kolindelo, iwela ngaphantsi kokwenyani" ixhaphakile, ingakumbi ngo-2023, xa imicimbi yezempilo yoluntu ingenampembelelo ingako kwimarike, olu phawu lucacile ngakumbi. Indlela eqhuba ngayo imarike ayihambelani nekhadi eliqhelekileyo, size siqikelele ukuba imarike iqale phi?

Imeko yemarike engaqhelekanga kwikota yesithathu yalo nyaka kwaye ikota yesine yemarike yabonakala ngokucacileyo, xa sijonga emva kwikota yesithathu, uJulayi yayilixesha lokuphumla kwedizili ngexesha lonyaka, amaxabiso edizili eShandong ayefuneka nje ukuba abe nempembelelo embi xa kanye ehla aya kwi-6700 yuan/ton, kodwa phakathi kuJulayi ngomyalelo omfutshane inani elikhulu leempahla, ukunyuka kwengqondo yemarike kunye nolindelo lwexesha lokuphumla oluqhutywa ngamaxabiso lwanyuka yonke indlela, kwaye ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kwaqhubeka ukuya kuthi ga kwinyanga enesiqingatha. Emva kokungena kwixesha lokuphumla lemveli "legolide elinesithoba lesilivere ezilishumi", ixabiso lehla yonke indlela, ukusuka kwi-8050 yuan/ton ngoSeptemba ukuya kwi-7350 yuan/ton yangoku, uluhlu lwe-700 yuan/ton.

Phantsi kwemarike engaqhelekanga, sijonga ngayiphi indlela ekuqikeleleni imarike yexesha elizayo? Iziseko? Imeko yengqondo? Okanye iindaba zemarike? Azihambelani kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo. Kweli nqanaba, ukufunda ngengqondo yemarike kunye neendaba zemarike kubaluleke ngakumbi kunokufunda ngeziseko.

Ngokwembono yemarike yangoku, izinto ezisisiseko azibalulekanga kangako. Eyokuqala kukuba iindaba ezimnandi zokuncipha kwemveliso yeoyile nedizili kwindawo yokucocisa izinto zakuqala ziqwalaselwe kwangaphambili, kwaye imakethi ibinokusebenzisa ezi ndaba ukuphakamisa amaza, kodwa ixabiso leoyile ekrwada alizange liwe ngokupheleleyo, nto leyo eyacima umlilo. Eyesibini kukuba kwishishini lemarike, imakethi yepetroli nedizili inikwe abantu abaninzi, kwaye amandla oyilo lwangoku lwe-atmospheric kunye ne-vacuum yaseTshayina asondele kwi-1 yeebhiliyoni zeetoni ngonyaka, kwaye ukuncitshiswa kwemveliso ye-10%-20% akuyi kubangela ukunikezelwa kwemarike okuncinci. Ke ngoko, kweli nqanaba lemakethi, impembelelo esisiseko kwimakethi incitshisiwe, kwaye endaweni yoko, imakethi ayinathemba, nto leyo ebonakala ngakumbi emva kokuba ioyile ekrwada iwile kakhulu kodwa ipetroli nedizili azilandelanga, kwaye ipetroli nedizili azilandelanga ngexesha, nto leyo eyonyuse ukuphelelwa lithemba kwimakethi, ivula ithuba lokuba ixabiso liphinde lihle.

Xa imarike ibuyela umva emva kwexesha, kuxhomekeke kwiinkalo ezimbini, okokuqala, ukulinda amaxabiso eoli ekrwada awe. Okwangoku, iziseko zeoyile ekrwada ziwohloka, kwaye ipleyiti yeoli ekrwada kufuneka inikele ingqalelo kumngcipheko wokulungiswa okuhlayo ngakumbi kwale nzuzo emva kukaJulayi. Kwaye isiphumo sentlanganiso yabaphathiswa be-OPEC+ ngoNovemba 26, ukwandiswa komhla wokugqibela okanye ukuncitshiswa kwemveliso encinci kunokuqhubeka nokuxhasa ukuguquguquka okuphezulu kwamaxabiso eoli, kodwa ukuphakama okupheleleyo kunqunyelwe, ngokuchaseneyo, ukuba iqala ukwandisa imveliso kancinci kancinci ukuze ihlawulele imveliso, ioyile ekrwada inokujongana nomngcipheko omkhulu wokuhla. Ngamafutshane, umngcipheko ongemhle weoyile ekrwada awukakhutshwa. Okwesibini, linda ukuba iimvakalelo zemarike zihlale. Ukuba amaxabiso epetroli nedizili ayaqhubeka nokuhla, umsantsa phakathi kwepetroli nedizili kunye nokuqhekeka kweoyile ekrwada uphinde wehla waya kwinqanaba eliphantsi, ukuphelelwa lithemba kwimarike kunokukhululwa, ukuze kulungiselelwe igagasi elilandelayo lemarike, kwaye imeko eqhubekayo inokuba neemeko zexesha elide zokunyuka. Mna ngokwam, kulindeleke ukuba igagasi elilandelayo lemarike libe malunga nesiqingatha sikaDisemba, kwaye eli gagasi lemarike liza komelezwa kukugcinwa kweempahla ngaphambi kokuphela kokuhla okubi kangangeenyanga ezingaphezu kwembini.