Umgubo weYuanming ukwabizwa ngokuba yityuwa kaGlauber, kwaye igama layo lesayensi yisodium sulfate. Le yityuwa engaphiliyo esondele kakhulu kwiimpawu zeekhemikhali zetyuwa yetafile.

1. Isetyenziswa njengedayi ethe ngqo kunye nenye into ekhawulezisayo yokudaya umqhaphu

Xa kudaywa umqhaphu ngeedayi ezithe ngqo, iidayi zesalfure, iidayi zevat kunye needayi zeYindioxin, i-sodium sulfate ingasetyenziswa njengearhente yokukhuthaza idayi.

Ezi dayi kulula ukuzinyibilikisa kwisisombululo sokudaya esilungisiweyo, kodwa akukho lula ukuzidaya imicu yomqhaphu. Ngenxa yokuba idayi ayipheleli lula, kukho idayi eninzi eseleyo emanzini eenyawo.

Ukongezwa kwe-sodium sulfate kunokunciphisa ukunyibilika kwedayi emanzini, ngaloo ndlela kwandisa amandla okufaka imibala kwidayi. Ngale ndlela, ubungakanani bedayi bungancitshiswa, kwaye umbala ofakwe umbala uya kuba nzulu.

1. Ubungakanani be-sodium sulfate

Kuxhomekeke kumandla okufaka umbala kwidayi esetyenzisiweyo kunye nobunzulu bombala owufunayo. Musa ukongeza kakhulu okanye ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, kungenjalo idayi kwisisombululo sedayi iya kukhawuleza ibangele amabala edayi kumphezulu welaphu.

2. Xa udaya ilaphu lomqhaphu

Umgubo weYuanming uhlala wongezwa ngeebhetshi kwinyathelo lesi-3 ukuya kwelesi-4. Ngenxa yokuba isisombululo sedayi sinzima kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba sidaywe, ukuba songezwa ngokukhawuleza, idayi iya kudaywa kwifayibha ngokukhawuleza kwaye kulula ukuvelisa ukungalingani, ngoko yidaywe okwethutyana uze uyidibanise. Kulungile.

3. I-Sodium sulfate ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa

Umgubo weYuanming kufuneka unzulu ngokupheleleyo ngamanzi ngaphambi kokuba usetyenziswe, kwaye uhluzwe ngaphambi kokuba wongezwe kwibhafu yokudaya. Kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuxuba ibhafu yokudaya uze uyifake kancinci ukuze uthintele ibhafu yokudaya engaphelelanga ukuba ingadibani nenani elikhulu le-accelerant kwaye ibangele idayi ibe netyuwa. Hlalutya indima.

4. I-sodium sulfate kunye netyuwa zizinto ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ekukhawuleziseni idayi

Uqheliso luye lwabonisa ukuba xa kudaywa ngqo, ukusebenzisa i-sodium sulfate njenge-accelerator yedayi kunokufumana umbala oqaqambileyo. Isiphumo sokusebenzisa ityuwa yetafile asisihle, nto leyo enxulumene nobunyulu betyuwa yetafile. Ukongeza kwii-ions ezininzi ze-calcium kunye ne-magnesium, ityuwa yemizi-mveliso ngokubanzi ikwanazo nee-ion zentsimbi. Ezinye iidayi ezichaphazeleka kakhulu zii-ion zentsimbi (ezifana ne-direct turquoise blue GL, njl.njl.) zisebenzisa ityuwa njenge-accelerant yedayi, nto leyo eya kubangela ukuba umbala ube ngwevu.

5. Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba ixabiso letyuwa yetafile liphantsi

Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba ixabiso letyuwa yetafile liphantsi, kwaye ityuwa yetafile ingasetyenziselwa ukuthatha indawo yeYuanming powder. Nangona kunjalo, kungcono ukusebenzisa iYuanming powder ngombala okhanyayo kunetyuwa yetafile, kwaye ngombala omnyama, ityuwa yetafile ingcono. Nokuba yintoni na efanelekileyo, kufuneka isetyenziswe emva kovavanyo.

6. Ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-sodium sulfate kunye nobungakanani betyuwa

Ubudlelwane phakathi kokusetyenziswa kwe-sodium sulfate kunye netyuwa bumalunga nolu hlobo lulandelayo:

iinxalenye ezi-6 ze-Na2SO4 ezingenamanzi = iinxalenye ezi-5 ze-NaCl

Iinxalenye ezili-12 ze-hydrate Na2SO4·10H20=iinxalenye ezi-5 ze-NaCl

2. Isetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokudaya ngokuthe ngqo kunye nokudaya isilika

Ukusetyenziswa kweedayi ezithe ngqo kwiifayibha zeproteni ikakhulu kukudaywa kwesilika, kwaye ukukhawuleza kokudaywa okufumanekayo kungcono kunokwedayi ye-asidi eqhelekileyo. Ezinye iidayi ezithe ngqo nazo ziyakwazi ukukhupha umbala ogqwesileyo, ngoko ke zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukukhupha umbala omdaka ekuprintweni kwelaphu lesilika.

Ukudaya isilika ngokuthe ngqo kudla ngokongeza inani elincinci le-sodium sulfate, kodwa indima ye-sodium sulfate yahlukile kweyokudaya i-cotton. Isebenza nje njenge-arhente yokudaya ecothayo.

Phawula:
1. Ukudaya isilika ngeedayi ezithe ngqo. Emva kokuba kongezwe i-sodium sulfate, isiphumo sokudaya kancinci senzeka ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Idayi ethe ngqo i-R SO3Na iyahlukana ibe yi-sodium ion Na+ kunye ne-pigment anion R SO3- emanzini, njengoko kubonisiwe kule fomyula ilandelayo: i-RSO3Na (iintolo zokuguqula phakathi kwezibiyeli) i-Na+ R SO3- yuanming powder i-Na2SO4 iyahlukana ibe yi-sodium ion Na+ kunye ne-sulfate ion SO4- emanzini -, le fomyula ilandelayo: i-Na2SO4 (iintolo zokuguqula phakathi kwezibiyeli) i-2Na+ RSO4–Kwibhafu yokudaya, i-anion yedayi i-R SO3- ingadaya ngqo isilika. Xa i-sodium sulfate yongezwa, iyahlukana ukuze ivelise i-sodium ion Na+, Ukuhlukana kwedayi kuchatshazelwa yi-sodium ions; oko kukuthi, ngenxa yobudlelwane bokulingana kwempendulo ye-post-ion, ichatshazelwa yi-Na+ common ion guilt, enciphisa ukuhlukana kwedayi, ngoko ke ukudaya isilika kuyacotha. Isiphumo sokudaya.

2. Kwilaphu elidaywe ngedayi ethe ngqo, sebenzisa i-fixing agent Y okanye i-fixing agent M (malunga ne-3～5g/l, i-30% ye-acetic acid 1～2g/l, ubushushu obuyi-60℃) kangangemizuzu engama-30 ukuphucula umbala wemveliso egqityiweyo.

4. Isetyenziswa njengesithinteli sombala ophantsi ekukhuhleni amalaphu esilika ashicilelweyo nadayiweyo

Xa kukhuhlwa amalaphu esilika aprintwayo okanye adaywayo, idayi inokuxotyulwa, ukuze ingcolise umbala womhlaba okanye amanye amalaphu ahambelanayo. Ukuba kongezwe i-sodium sulfate, ukunyibilika kwedayi kunokuncipha, ngoko ke akukho mngcipheko wokuxotyulwa kwedayi kwaye kungcolise umbala womhlaba. Phezulu.