Sidla ngokuthetha ngokuprinta, yindlela ethile yokudlulisela i-inki kwindawo ethile yephepha, ukuze sifune ukufumana amagama okanye imizobo.
Iikhemikhali ezenza iphepha azifunxi ukukhanya kwanoma yimuphi umbala kakhulu, ngoko ke xa ukukhanya kubonakaliswa phezu kwephepha namehlo ethu, sikubona kumhlophe.
I-pigment okanye idayi ekwi-inki ifunxa ukukhanya okubonakalayo okanye konke, ukuze xa i-inki isetyenziswa kumphezulu wephepha, umphezulu wephepha elimhlophe ube nombala.
Iintlobo eziphambili zeeprinta esizisebenzisayo ekhaya okanye eofisini ziiprinta ze-inkjet kunye neeprinta ze-laser.
Ngokungafaniyo neeprinta ze-inkjet, ezitshiza amaconsi amancinci e-inki ephepheni, iiprinta ze-laser zitsala ii-toner kwidrama ekhanyayo kwaye ziwadlulisele ephepheni nge-electrostatic attraction.
Nangona kunjalo, irisithi ayiprintwanga ngolu hlobo. Iprintwa kuhlobo oluthile lwephepha, olubizwa ngokuba yi-thermal paper.
Xa ithelekiswa nephepha eliqhelekileyo, iphepha elinobushushu obuphantsi linomphezulu obhityileyo, oqulethe iikhemikhali ezikhethekileyo ezibizwa ngokuba ziidayi ezifihlakeleyo.
Idayi engaboniyo ngokwayo ayinambala, ngoko ke iphepha elishushu elisandul’ ukuthengwa libukeka limhlophe njengephepha eliqhelekileyo.
Nangona kunjalo, xa iimeko ezifanelekileyo zifezekiswa, zisabela ngokweekhemikhali, kwaye izinto ezintsha zifunxa ukukhanya okubonakalayo, size sibone umbala.
Izinto ezininzi, ezifana ne-crystalline violet lactone, nangona zingenambala ngokwendalo, zijika zibe mfusa xa kukho i-asidi.
Oko kukuthi, xa siprinta kwiphepha elinobushushu, i-inki ayigcinwa kwiprinta, sele ikwiphepha.

Umfanekiso
Umzobo 1 I-crystalline violet lactone iya kutshintsha ukusuka ekubeni yimfusa ukuya ekubeni yimfusa xa kukho izinto ezine-asidi, kwaye iya kuphinda ingabi yimbala xa kukho izinto ezine-alkaline.

Kodwa iidayi ezifihlakeleyo ezifana ne-crystallactone, ezisabela ngokulula kwii-asidi, ziqinile kubushushu begumbi, kwaye iimolekyuli zivalelwe endaweni yazo.
Ukuba ujongene ne-asidi ekwayinto eqinileyo, ninokuhlala kunye ixesha elide kubushushu begumbi, nokuba nisondelelene kakhulu.
Ngoko ke, singathabatha ezi dayi zimnyama, eziqinileyo kubushushu begumbi, size sigaye into eqinileyo yenye into ene-asidi ibe ngumgubo ocolekileyo, siyixube size siyithambise phezu kwephepha, size sifumane iphepha elishushu.
Kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, iphepha elishushu libukeka njengephepha eliqhelekileyo;
Kwakamsinya nje xa ubushushu bunyuka, idayi emnyama kunye ne-asidi ziyanyibilika zibe lulwelo, kwaye iimolekyuli ezihambayo ezikhululekileyo ziyadibana kwaye zenze intshukumo ngoko nangoko, ngoko ke iphepha elimhlophe libonisa umbala ngokukhawuleza.
Kulapho iphepha elinobushushu obuphezulu lifumana khona igama lalo -- litshisa ngokwaneleyo ukutshintsha umbala.
Ngephepha elishushu, ukuba ufuna ukuprinta umbhalo okanye imifanekiso kumphezulu walo, udinga neprinta ekhethekileyo, eyiprinta eshushu.
Ukuba ukhe waphula iprinta yobushushu, uya kufumanisa ukuba ingaphakathi layo lilula kakhulu: akukho cartridge yeinki. Iindawo eziphambili yidrama kunye nentloko yoshicilelo.
Iphepha elishushu elisetyenziselwa ukuprinta iirisithi lidla ngokwenziwa kwimiqulu.
Xa umqulu wephepha elishushu ufakwa kwiprinta, uqhutywa phambili yirola uze udibane nentloko yoshicilelo.
Kukho izinto ezininzi ezincinci ze-semiconductor kumphezulu wentloko yoshicilelo ezifudumeza iindawo ezithile zephepha ngokwemagama okanye imizobo esifuna ukuyiprinta.
Ngethuba lokudibana kwephepha elishushu kunye nentloko yokuprinta, ubushushu obuphezulu obuveliswa yintloko yokuprinta benza idayi kunye ne-asidi kumphezulu wephepha elishushu zinyibilike zibe lulwelo kwaye zisebenze ngokweekhemikhali, ngaloo ndlela umphezulu wephepha ubonakala njengoonobumba okanye imizobo.
Iphoswe yirola, irisithi yokuthenga iprintiwe.
Umfanekiso
Umfanekiso 2 Umgaqo osebenzayo weprinta yobushushu: iphepha elishushu liya phambili liqhutywa yidrama. Xa lidibana nentloko yoshicilelo, ubushushu obuveliswa yintloko yoshicilelo bunyibilikisa idayi kunye ne-asidi kumphezulu wephepha elishushu, kwaye zombini zisabela ngokweekhemikhali ukuvelisa umbala.

Kutheni amashishini esebenzisa iiprinta zephepha elishushu kunye neeprinta ezishushu ukuprinta irisithi zokuthenga, endaweni yeeprinta zelaser okanye ze-inkjet eziqhelekileyo?
Okokuqala, iiprinta zelaser okanye ze-inkjet zifuna izixhobo ezintsonkothileyo zokudlulisa i-inki okanye i-toner ukusuka kwiprinta ukuya ephepheni. Zombini iiprinta zinkulu kwaye zihlala zisebenzisa i-alternating current njengombane wazo.
Amashishini adla ngokufuna iiprinta ezincinci, ingakumbi xa ethengisa iimpahla ngaphandle okanye kwizixhobo zothutho ezifana neenqwelomoya noololiwe, ukuthwala iiprinta ezinzima ukuze ziprinte irisithi zabathengi ngokucacileyo akwenzeki.
Okwesibini, iprinta yelaser okanye ye-inkjet yokutshintsha iikhatriji zeinki okanye i-toner idla ngokuthatha ixesha elide kwaye inzima, ukuba iyalibazisa ukuhlawula kwabathengi, nto leyo engafuni nokuyibona ishishini kunye nabathengi.
Ezi ngxaki zingasonjululwa ngokusebenzisa iiprinta ezishushu kunye nephepha elishushu endaweni yeeprinta ze-laser okanye i-inkjet.
Ngenxa yokuba i-inki sele igcinwe ephepheni, iiprinta ze-thermal azidingi zakhiwo zintsonkothileyo ukugcina nokudlulisa i-inki kwaye zinokuba zincinci kakhulu.
Ikwasebenza ngebhetri, nto leyo eyenza kube luncedo kakhulu kumashishini ukuba aphathe, ingakumbi xa engaphandle okanye esezithuthweni, ukuze aprinte iirisithi zabathengi.
Ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwayo okulula, iprinta yobushushu ikwalula ukuyigcina, kwaye abasebenzisi akufuneki bakhathazeke ngokutshintsha iikhatriji zeinki. Banokutshintsha nje umqulu omtsha wephepha lobushushu kwangoko nje ukuba iphepha liphelile. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba abathengi abalahlekelwa lixesha elininzi.
Ukongeza, isantya sokuprinta iprinta eshushu, ingxolo ephantsi, ifanelekile kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwivenkile enkulu.
Ngenxa yezi nzuzo, ukuprinta ngobushushu akusiyondlela ikhethwayo yokuprinta irisithi zokuthenga kuphela, kodwa kudla ngokusetyenziswa ukuprinta amatikiti, iilebheli kwaneefeksi.
Iphepha elinobushushu obuphezulu lineengxaki ezinkulu, ezikukuba umbhalo kuxwebhu oluprintiweyo uya kuphela ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Ukunyamalala kwenzeka ngenxa yeedayi ezikhethekileyo ezisetyenziswa kwiphepha elishushu.
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, idayi efihlakeleyo egquma iphepha elishushu ayinambala kubushushu begumbi, kwaye iba sesinye isakhiwo esinombala ngenxa yempendulo yeekhemikhali kubushushu obuphezulu.
Nangona kunjalo, isakhiwo esitsha asizinzanga kangako, kwaye phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo sibuyela kwisakhiwo saso sangaphambili esingenambala.
Umzekelo, i-crystalline violet lactone, njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, ijika ibe yisakhiwo esinombala xa kukho into ene-asidi, kwaye esi sakhiwo sinombala sijika sibe yisakhiwo esingenambala xa kukho into ene-alkaline.
Emva kokuba irisithi eprintiweyo igciniwe, isenokudibana neekhemikhali ezahlukeneyo ezikwindawo engqongileyo. Isenokuchatshazelwa lilanga okanye amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba idayi ephepheni elishushu ibuyele kwimo yayo engenambala, nto leyo eguqula umbala werisithi.
Ukusombulula le ngxaki, abavelisi abaninzi bephepha elishushu bongeza umaleko owongezelelweyo wokhuseleko phezu komaleko wedayi ukunciphisa ukudibana kwedayi nezinye iikhemikhali nokwenza amaxwebhu ashicilelwe ephepheni elishushu ahlale ixesha elide.
Kodwa le ndlela iya kunyusa ixabiso lephepha elishushu, ngoko ke kuya kubakho amashishini aqhubeke nokusebenzisa umaleko wokukhusela wephepha elishushu eliqhelekileyo.
Ukuba ukhathazekile kukuba irisithi yakho iya kutshabalala ngokuhamba kwexesha, kusoloko kukuhle ukukopa okanye ukuskena irisithi yakho.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iphepha elinobushushu obuphezulu liye labangela inkxalabo phakathi kwabathengi abaninzi kuba liqulethe i-bisphenol A.
I-Bisphenol A yinto ene-asidi, ngoko ke isetyenziswa kwiphepha elinobushushu obuphantsi apho isabela khona kwiidayi ezimnyama kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu ukuze ivelise umbala.
Ukongeza, i-bisphenol A isetyenziswa kakhulu njengezinto eziluhlaza ukwenza iiplastiki okanye iipeyinti ezithile.
Ngoko ke indlela ephambili i-BPA engena ngayo emzimbeni kukuba xa ubeka ukutya kwezi zikhongozeli, inani elincinci le-BPA lingena emzimbeni kunye nokutya.
Kodwa kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uphando lubonise ukuba ukuchanabeka kumanqaku ashicilelwe kwiphepha elinobushushu kunokubangela ukuba i-BPA ingene emzimbeni.
Umzekelo, olunye uphando lwakutshanje lufumanise ukuba amanqanaba e-BPA kumchamo ayanda emva kokusebenzisa iphepha elinobushushu ixesha elide.
Ngenxa yokuba ulwakhiwo lweekhemikhali ze-bisphenol A lufana ne-estradiol, i-estrogen ephambili eveliswa ngumzimba, kukho inkxalabo yokuba inokuphazamisana nokukhutshwa okuqhelekileyo kwe-endocrine kwaye yonyuse umngcipheko wezifo ezininzi.
Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba amazinga e-BPA emzimbeni ngokutya kunye nephepha lobushushu aphantsi kakhulu, ngoko ke kunzima ukuqinisekisa imiphumo ye-BPA kwimpilo yabantu.
Nangona kunjalo, nangona i-BPA ingavumelekanga okwangoku ekuvelisweni kwephepha elishushu, abavelisi abaninzi baqalise ukusebenzisa ezinye ii-asidi endaweni yoko.
Ukuba ukhathazekile malunga nokungena kwe-BPA encinci kwinkqubo yakho ngenxa yokudibana neerisithi, isilumkiso esinokwenzeka kukugcina iirisithi zodwa ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokuzichukumisa, kwaye uhlambe izandla zakho emva kokuchukumisa iirisithi.
Kakade ke, ukutshintsha iirisithi zephepha ngeerisithi ze-elektroniki kunokuba luncedo kakhulu kwaye kube nobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo.

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