Phantsi kwempembelelo yobhubhane, urhwebo lwangaphandle ngo-2020 luye lwafumana umkhwa wokwehla kokuqala lwaza lwanda. Urhwebo lwangaphandle belucotha kwisiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka, kodwa lwakhawuleza lwanda kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka, lwafikelela kwimeko eshushu, lwadlula ulindelo lwemarike. Ukuveliswa kwesikhongozeli kwiShanghai Port kuya kufikelela kwi-43.5 yezigidi zeeTEU ngo-2020, irekhodi eliphezulu. Iiodolo ziye, kodwa kunzima ukuzifumana, le meko, iqhubekile kude kube sekuqaleni kwalo nyaka.

Abasebenzi beShanghai Port Waigaoqiao East Ferry batyhile ukuba iidokhi zisebenza ngokupheleleyo kutshanje. Ebaleni, kukho inani elikhulu leekhonteyina ezipakishwe, apho inani leekhonteyina ezinzima eziphethe impahla lingaphezulu kwenani leempahla ezingenanto.

Ukwanda korhwebo lwangaphandle kuye kwandisa imfuno yeekhonteyina, kwaye ukunqongophala kweekhonteyina kwiZibuko loMlambo i-Inner kuyabonakala kakhulu. Intatheli ikwatyelele neZibuko laseShanghai lase-Anji, kwiPhondo laseZhejiang.

Intatheli iqaphele ukuba iikhonteyina ezininzi zithunyelwa ukusuka eShanghai Port ukuya eAnji Port Wharf, kwaye ezi khonteyina sele ziza kuthunyelwa kumashishini orhwebo lwangaphandle ukuze zihlanganiswe imithwalo. Ngaphambili, inani leebhokisi ezingenanto eAnji Port Wharf linokufikelela ngaphezulu kwama-9000, kodwa kutshanje, ngenxa yokunqongophala kweekhonteyina, inani leebhokisi ezingenanto liye lehla laya ngaphezulu kwe-1000.

ULi Mingfeng, omnye wabasebenzi basemlanjeni, uxelele iintatheli ukuba ixesha lokulinda iinqanawa longezwe ukusuka kwiiyure ezininzi ukuya kwiintsuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu ngenxa yobunzima bokufaka iikhonteyina.

ULi Wei, umncedisi womphathi jikelele weShanggang International Port Affairs Co., Ltd. e-Anji County, kwiSixeko saseHuzhou, kwiPhondo laseZhejiang, uthe okwangoku, kunokuthiwa kukho isitya esinye esinzima ukufumaneka, njengoko onke amashishini okuvelisa kwiinqanawa zokutya efumene izitya ezingenanto, ezingenakwanelisa iimfuno zeshishini lonke lokuthumela ngaphandle.

Ngenxa yobunzima bokwabiwa kwezikhongozeli, ixesha lokulinda iinqanawa ziintsuku ezi-2-3. Kunzima ukuzifumana izikhongozeli, amashishini orhwebo lwangaphandle kunye nabathuthi bempahla banomdla wokujika, kungekuphela nje ukuba kunzima ukufumana iibhokisi, kodwa namaxabiso empahla ayaqhubeka nokunyuka.

UGuo Shaohai ebekwishishini lokuthumela impahla iminyaka engaphezu kwama-30 kwaye uyintloko yenkampani yokuthumela impahla yamazwe ngamazwe. Kwiinyanga zakutshanje, ebexhalabile ngokufumana iikhonteyina. Abathengi bezorhwebo lwangaphandle bahlala becela iibhokisi zokuthutha impahla ukuze zithunyelwe kwamanye amazwe, kodwa iikhonteyina kunzima ukuzifumana, ngoko ke unokuqhubeka nokusebenzisana neenkampani zokuthumela impahla ukuze zicele iibhokisi. Ukusukela ngoSeptemba okanye ngo-Okthobha kunyaka ophelileyo, bekukho ukunqongophala kweebhokisi. Kulo nyaka, kunzulu kakhulu. Angacela kuphela iqela ukuba lilinde apho, kwaye onke amandla akhe eshishini agxile ekufumaneni iibhokisi.

UGuo Shaohai ngokungqalileyo, lixesha lokungasebenzi kweshishini lokuhambisa imithwalo emva kuka-Okthobha kwiminyaka edlulileyo, kodwa akukho xesha lokungasebenzi ngokupheleleyo ngo-2020. Ukususela kwisiqingatha sesibini sowama-2020, inani lee-odolo zorhwebo lwangaphandle linyuke kakhulu, lidlula kakhulu ulindelo lwemarike. Kodwa ubhubhane luchaphazele uthutho lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamazibuko aphesheya, kunye nenani elikhulu leekhonteyina ezingenanto eziqokelelana kwiindawo ezifana ne-United States, iYurophu ne-Australia. Iikhonteyina eziphumayo azinakubuya.

UYan Hai, uMhlalutyi oyiNtloko weShenwan Hongyuan Securities Transportation Logistics: Ingxaki ephambili kukusebenza kakuhle kwabasebenzi okubangelwa yibhubhane. Ke ngoko, iiterminals kwihlabathi liphela, ingakumbi ezo zingenisa amazwe eYurophu nase-United States, zinexesha elide kakhulu lokulibaziseka.

Ukunqongophala okukhulu kweekhonteyina kwimarike kubangele ukuba amazinga okuthunyelwa kwempahla anyuke kakhulu, ingakumbi kwiindlela ezidumileyo. UGuo Shaohai wathatha iziqwenga ezibini zephepha lokuthutha impahla waya kwintatheli ukuze abone, isiqingatha sonyaka ngaphezulu kwexesha lokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwindlela efanayo kuphindwe kabini. Kumashishini orhwebo lwangaphandle, imveliso ayinakuyeka, ukubamba ii-odolo kodwa inani elikhulu leempahla kunzima ukuzithumela, uxinzelelo lwezemali luphezulu kakhulu. Eli shishini lilindele ukuba ukunqongophala kweekhonteyina kunye nendawo yokuthumela impahla kuqhubeke.

Kwimeko yokusasazeka kobhubhane wehlabathi, ii-odolo zamashishini orhwebo lwangaphandle aseTshayina zisakhula, nto leyo engelula, kodwa kukwakho nokunqongophala kwengxaki yokubonelela ngeekhonteyina, injani imeko yamashishini orhwebo lwangaphandle? Iintatheli zaziwa ngokuba “lishishini eliyisihlalo sedolophu” uZhejiang Anji wenza uphando.

UDing Chen, oqhuba inkampani yokuvelisa ifanitshala, uxelele iintatheli ukuba imfuno yokuthumela ngaphandle kwisiqingatha sesibini sowama-2020 inamandla kakhulu, kwaye ii-odolo zenkampani yakhe zicwangciselwe ukuya kutsho ngoJuni ka-2021, kodwa ingxaki yokuhanjiswa kwayo isoloko ikhona, kunye nobunzima obukhulu beempahla kunye noxinzelelo olukhulu lwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo.

UDing Chen uthe akupheleli nje ekunyukeni kweendleko zezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, kodwa nemali engaphezulu yokufumana izikhongozeli. Ngo-2020, imali engaphezulu iya kuchithwa kwizikhongozeli, nto leyo eya kunciphisa inzuzo eseleyo ubuncinane nge-10%. Uthe umthwalo oqhelekileyo umalunga ne-6,000 yuan, kodwa ngoku kufuneka sichithe malunga ne-3,000 yuan eyongezelelweyo ukuze sithathe ibhokisi.

Enye inkampani yorhwebo lwangaphandle iphantsi koxinzelelo olufanayo lokufunxa ezinye zazo ngamaxabiso aphezulu, kwaye uninzi lwazo ngokwazo. Ngenxa yoxinzelelo olwahlukeneyo olujongene namashishini orhwebo lwangaphandle, oorhulumente basekuhlaleni bathathe amanyathelo ahlukeneyo okubanceda, kubandakanya i-inshurensi yetyala, irhafu kunye nokunciphisa imirhumo, njl.

Ngenxa yemeko yangoku yokunqongophala kweekhonteyina, amazibuko atsala iikhonteyina ezingenanto ngemigaqo-nkqubo yokukhetha, kwaye iinkampani zokuthutha imithwalo nazo zivule iinqanawa zexesha elongezelelweyo ukuze ziqhubeke nokwandisa umthamo wazo.