Indlela yokuphucula ukuqina kokudaya kwamalaphu ashicilelweyo nadayiweyo ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno ezikhulayo zemarike yelaphu ibe yingongoma yophando kwishishini lokuprinta nokudaya. Ngokukodwa, ukuqina kokukhanya kweedayi ezisabelayo kumalaphu anombala okhanyayo, ukuqina kokuhlikihla okumanzi kwamalaphu amnyama naxineneyo; ukwehla kokuqina konyango olumanzi okubangelwa kukuhamba kobushushu kweedayi ezisasazekileyo emva kokudaya; kunye nokuqina okuphezulu kwe-chlorine, ukuqina kokukhanya kokubila njl.njl.

Zininzi izinto ezichaphazela ukukhawuleziswa kombala, kwaye zininzi iindlela zokuphucula ukukhawuleziswa kombala. Kwiminyaka emininzi yokusebenza kwemveliso, iingcali zokuprinta nokudaya ziye zahlola ekukhetheni ukudaywa kweedayi kunye nezongezo zeekhemikhali ezifanelekileyo, ukuphuculwa kokudaywa kunye neenkqubo zokugqiba, kunye nokuqinisa ulawulo lwenkqubo. Ezinye iindlela kunye namanyathelo ziye zasetyenziswa ukwandisa nokuphucula ukukhawuleziswa kombala ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, elihlangabezana neemfuno zemarike.

Ukukhawuleza okukhaphukhaphu kweedayi ezisabelayo, amalaphu anombala okhanyayo

Njengoko sonke sisazi, iidayi ezitshintshayo ezidaywe kwiifayibha zekotoni zihlaselwa yimisebe ye-ultraviolet phantsi kwelanga, kwaye ii-chromophores okanye ii-auxochromes kwisakhiwo sedayi ziya konakala ngokwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo, nto leyo ekhokelela kutshintsho lombala okanye umbala okhanyayo, nto leyo eyingxaki yokukhawuleza kokukhanya.

Imigangatho yelizwe lam sele imisele ukuqina kokukhanya kweedayi ezitshintshayo. Umzekelo, umgangatho welaphu lokuprinta nokudaya we-GB/T411-93 wekotoni uthi ukuqina kokukhanya kweedayi ezitshintshayo yi-4-5, kwaye ukuqina kokukhanya kweelaphu eziprintiweyo yi-4; umgangatho welaphu elixutyiweyo le-polyester-cotton kunye ne-FZ/T14007-1998 welaphu elixutyiweyo kunye ne-dyeing texture zombini zimisela ukuba ukuqina kokukhanya kwelaphu elixutyiweyo/elitshintshayo likwinqanaba lesi-4, kwaye ilaphu eliprintiweyo likwinqanaba lesi-4. Kunzima kwiidayi ezitshintshayo ukudaya amalaphu aprintiweyo anombala okhanyayo ukuhlangabezana nalo mgangatho.

Ubudlelwane phakathi kwesakhiwo sedayi kunye nokukhawuleza kokukhanya

Ukuqina kokukhanya kweedayi ezisabelayo kunxulumene kakhulu nolwakhiwo lwedayi. I-70-75% yesakhiwo sedayi ezisabelayo luhlobo lwe-azo, kwaye ezinye ziluhlobo lwe-anthraquinone, uhlobo lwe-phthalocyanine kunye nohlobo lwe-A. Uhlobo lwe-azo alunakukhawuleza kokukhanya, kwaye uhlobo lwe-anthraquinone, uhlobo lwe-phthalocyanine, kunye ne-nail zinokukhawuleza kokukhanya okungcono. Ulwakhiwo lwe-molecular lweedayi ezityheli ezisabelayo luhlobo lwe-azo. Imizimba yombala womzali yi-pyrazolone kunye ne-naphthalene trisulfonic acid ukuze kubekho ukukhanya okukhawulezayo. Iidayi eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezisabelayo yi-anthraquinone, i-phthalocyanine, kunye nolwakhiwo lomzali. Ukuqina kokukhanya kugqwesile, kwaye isakhiwo se-molecular sedayi esabelayo ye-red spectrum luhlobo lwe-azo.

Ukukhawuleza kokukhanya kudla ngokuba kuphantsi, ingakumbi kwimibala ekhanyayo.

Ubudlelwane phakathi kobuninzi bedayi kunye nokukhawuleza kokukhanya
Ukuqina kokukhanya kweesampuli ezidayiweyo kuya kwahluka ngokutshintsha koxinzelelo lokudaya. Kwiisampuli ezidayiweyo ngedayi efanayo kwifayibha efanayo, ukuqina kwayo kokukhanya kuyanda ngokunyuka koxinzelelo lokudaya, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba idayi ikwi-. Ibangelwa lutshintsho kubungakanani bokusasazwa kwamasuntswana adibeneyo kwifayibha.

Okukhona amasuntswana ahlanganisiweyo emakhulu, kokukhona indawo encinci ngobunzima bedayi evezwe kumswakama womoya, kwaye kokukhona ukukhanya kukhawuleza.
Ukwanda koxinzelelo lokudaya kuya kwandisa umlinganiselo wee-aggregates ezinkulu kwifayibha, kwaye ukukhawuleza kokukhanya kuya kwanda ngokufanelekileyo. Uxinzelelo lokudaya kwilaphu ezinombala okhanyayo luphantsi, kwaye umlinganiselo wee-aggregates zedayi kwifayibha uphantsi. Uninzi lweedayi zikwimeko enye yemolekyuli, oko kukuthi, inqanaba lokubola kwedayi kwifayibha liphezulu kakhulu. Imolekyuli nganye inethuba elifanayo lokuvezwa ekukhanyeni nasemoyeni. , Isiphumo sokufuma, ukukhawuleza kokukhanya nako kuyancipha ngokufanelekileyo.

Umgangatho wokukhanya oqhelekileyo we-ISO/105B02-1994 wahlulwe waba luvavanyo lomgangatho webanga eli-1-8, umgangatho welizwe lam ukwahlulwe waba luvavanyo lomgangatho webanga eli-1-8, umlinganiselo wokukhanya oqhelekileyo we-AATCC16-1998 okanye we-AATCC20AFU wahlulwe waba luvavanyo lomgangatho webanga eli-1-5.

Amanyathelo okuphucula ukukhawulezisa ukukhanya

1. Ukukhetha idayi kuchaphazela amalaphu anombala okhanyayo
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekukhawulezeni ukukhanya yidayi ngokwayo, ngoko ke ukukhetha idayi yeyona nto ibalulekileyo.
Xa ukhetha iidayi zokufanisa imibala, qiniseka ukuba inqanaba lokukhanya kwedayi yenxalenye nganye ekhethiweyo lilingana, logama nje nayiphi na inxalenye, ingakumbi inxalenye enomlinganiselo omncinci, ingenakufikelela ekukhanyeni kwedayi enemibala ekhanyayo. Iimfuno zezinto ezidayiweyo zokugqibela aziyi kuhlangabezana nomgangatho wokukhanya.

2. Amanye amanyathelo
Isiphumo sedayi ezidadayo.
Ukudaya kunye nokusepha akucokisekanga, kwaye iidayi ezingaguqukiyo kunye needayi ezifakwe i-hydrolyzed ezisele elaphini nazo ziya kuchaphazela ukukhawuleka kokukhanya kwezinto ezidayiweyo, kwaye ukukhawuleka kwazo kokukhanya kuphantsi kakhulu kunokweedayi eziguquguqukayo ezisisigxina.
Okukhona isepha yenziwe ngocoselelo, kokukhona ukukhanya kwayo kusiba ngcono.

Impembelelo yesixhobo sokulungisa kunye nesithambisi.
I-Cationic low-molecular-weight okanye i-polyamine-condensed resin type fixing agent kunye ne-cationic softener zisetyenziswa ekugqibeni ilaphu, nto leyo eya kunciphisa ukukhanya kweemveliso ezidayiweyo.
Ngoko ke, xa ukhetha izinto zokulungisa kunye nezinto zokuthambisa, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe impembelelo yazo ekukhawulezeni ukukhanya kweemveliso ezidayiweyo.

Impembelelo yezifunxi ze-UV.
Izifunxi ze-ultraviolet zihlala zisetyenziswa kwilaphu elinombala okhanyayo ukuphucula ukukhawuleza kokukhanya, kodwa kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngobuninzi ukuze zibe nefuthe elithile, elinganyusi nje kuphela iindleko, kodwa likwabangela ukuba ilaphu libe tyheli kwaye lonakale kakhulu, ngoko ke kungcono ukungasebenzisi le ndlela.