Kwezi nyanga zimbini zidlulileyo, ukuwohloka okukhawulezileyo kwezandyondyo zesibini zesibetho esitsha saseIndiya kuye kwaba sesona siganeko siphezulu kumlo wehlabathi wokulwa nobhubhane. Lo bhubhani ugqugqisayo uye wabangela ukuba imizi-mveliso emininzi yaseIndiya ivalwe, yaye iinkampani ezininzi zasekuhlaleni neenkampani zamazwe ngamazwe zisengxakini.

Ubhubhani uyaqhubeka nokuba mandundu, amashishini amaninzi eIndiya ayachaphazeleka

Ukusasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwalo bhubhani kuye koyisa inkqubo yezonyango yaseIndiya. Abantu abatshisa izidumbu ezipakini, ecaleni kweGanges, nasezitratweni bayothusa. Okwangoku, ngaphezu kwesiqingatha oorhulumente basekhaya baseIndiya bakhethe "ukuvala isixeko", imveliso kunye nobomi bunqunyanyiswe omnye emva komnye, kwaye amashishini amaninzi eentsika eIndiya nawo ajongene neempembelelo ezinkulu.

I-Surat iseGujarat, eIndiya. Uninzi lwabantu esixekweni benza imisebenzi enxulumene namalaphu. Ubhubhani ubukhali, kwaye iIndiya iphumeze amanqanaba ahlukeneyo okuthintela. Abanye abathengisi beempahla zeSurat bathi ishishini labo lehliswe phantse nge-90%.

Umthengisi wamalaphu waseIndiya uDinesh Kataria: Kukho abathengisi beempahla abangama-65,000 eSurat. Ukuba ibalwe ngokwe-avareji yenani, ishishini le-Surat textile liphulukana nobuncinci be-US $48 yezigidi ngosuku.

Imeko yangoku ye-Surat yi-microcosm nje yeshishini lelaphu laseIndiya, kwaye yonke imveliso yelaphu yaseIndiya ijongene nokuhla ngokukhawuleza. Ukuqhambuka kwesibini kwesi sifo kuye kwaphakamisa imfuno eqinileyo yempahla emva kokukhululwa kwemisebenzi yezoqoqosho yaphesheya, kwaye inani elikhulu lee-odolo ze-textile zaseYurophu kunye neMelika zidluliselwe.

Ukusukela kuEpreli wonyaka ophelileyo ukuya kuMatshi walo nyaka, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla yaseIndiya kunye nempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle kwehle nge-12.99% xa kuthelekiswa nonyaka ophelileyo, ukusuka kwi-33.85 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika ukuya kuma-29.45 eebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika. Phakathi kwazo, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle kwehle nge-20.8%, kwaye ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kwehle nge-6.43%.

Ukongeza kushishino lwamalaphu, ishishini leefowuni eziphathwayo zaseIndiya nalo libethwe. Ngokweengxelo zeendaba zangaphandle, bangaphezulu kwe-100 abasebenzi kumzi-mveliso weFoxconn eIndiya abafunyaniswe benosulelo. Okwangoku, ukuveliswa kweefowuni ze-Apple ezicutshungulwa yifektri kuye kwancitshiswa ngaphezu kwe-50%.

Iplanti ye-OPPO eIndiya nayo yamisa imveliso ngesizathu esifanayo. Ukwanda kobhubhane kubangele ukwehla ngokukhawuleza kwimveliso yeefektri ezininzi zeselfowuni eIndiya, kwaye iindibano zocweyo zemveliso ziye zanqunyanyiswa enye emva kwenye.

I-Indiya inesihloko esithi “i-World Pharmaceutical Factory” kwaye ivelisa phantse i-20% yamachiza ehlabathi awenziwe afana nalawo aveliswe ngumenzi. Izinto zayo eziluhlaza likhonkco elibalulekileyo kulo lonke ikhonkco loshishino lwamayeza oludityaniswe ngokusondeleyo kunye nomlambo ongezantsi kunye nomlambo. Ubhubhani omtsha wesithsaba ukhokelele ekwehleni okukhulu kwezinga lokusebenza kweefektri zaseIndiya, kwaye isantya sokusebenza sabalamli bamayeza aseIndiya kunye neenkampani ze-API zimalunga ne-30 kuphela.

“IVeki yoShishino lwaseJamani” kutshanje ixele ukuba ngenxa yamanyathelo amakhulu okuvalwa, iinkampani zamayeza ziye zavala, kwaye ikhonkco lokuthengisa amayeza aseIndiya athunyelwa eYurophu nakweminye imimandla ngoku ikwimeko yokuwohloka.

Ngokunzulu kumgxobhozo wobhubhane. Uyintoni undoqo we“hypoxia” yaseIndiya?

Eyona nto iphazamisayo ngalo bhubhani waseIndiya kukuba inani elikhulu labantu lafa ngenxa yokunqongophala kweoksijini. Abantu abaninzi bafolele ioksijini, kwaye kwakukho nomboniso wamazwe awayekhuphisana ngeoksijini.

Kwezi ntsuku zimbalwa zidlulileyo, abantu baseIndiya bafuna ii-oximeters. Kutheni le nto i-Indiya, eyaziwa njengelizwe elikhulu lemveliso, ingakwazi ukuvelisa ioksijini kunye nee-oximeters ezifunwa ngabantu? Lingakanani ifuthe loqoqosho lobhubhane eIndiya? Ngaba iya kuchaphazela ukuchacha koqoqosho lwehlabathi?

Ioksijini ayinzima ukuyivelisa. Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, iIndiya inokuvelisa ngaphezu kweetoni ezingama-7,000 zeoksijini ngosuku. Xa ubhubhane wahlasela, inxalenye enkulu yeoksijini eyaveliswa ekuqaleni ayizange isetyenziswe kwizibhedlele. Iinkampani ezininzi zaseIndiya azizange zibenakho ukutshintshela ngokukhawuleza kwimveliso. Ukongeza, iIndiya yayingenalo umbutho welizwe wokucwangcisa ioksijini. Umthamo wokuvelisa kunye nokuthutha, kukho ukunqongophala kwe-oksijini.

Ngokuzenzekelayo, abeendaba kutshanje baye baxela ukuba iIndiya inengxaki yokunqongophala kwe-pulse oximeters. I-98% yee-oximeter ezikhoyo zingeniswa ngaphandle. Esi sixhobo esincinci esisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa umxholo we-oksijini wegazi lomguli we-arterial akunzima ukuvelisa, kodwa imveliso yaseIndiya ayinakunyuka ngenxa yokungabikho kwamandla okuvelisa izixhobo ezinxulumene nazo kunye nezinto eziluhlaza.

UDing Yifan, umphandi kwiZiko loPhando loPhuhliso lweHlabathi lweZiko loPhando loPhuhliso lweBhunga likarhulumente: Inkqubo yoshishino yaseIndiya ayinayo izibonelelo ezixhasayo, ingakumbi amandla okutshintsha. Xa ezi nkampani zidibana neemeko ezikhethekileyo kwaye kufuneka ziguqule isixokelelwano soshishino lwemveliso, azikwazi ukuziqhelanisa nezimo.

Urhulumente waseIndiya khange ayibone ingxaki yokwenziwa kwemveliso ebuthathaka. Ngo-2011, ushishino lwemveliso lwase-Indiya luthathe malunga ne-16% ye-GDP. Urhulumente waseIndiya uqalise ngokulandelelana izicwangciso zokunyusa isabelo sokwenziwa kwemveliso kwi-GDP ukuya kwi-22% ngo-2022. Ngokutsho kwedatha evela kwi-Indian Brand Equity Foundation, esi sabelo siya kuhlala singatshintshi ngo-2020, kuphela i-17%.

U-Liu Xiaoxue, umphandi osebenzisana naye kwiZiko le-Asia-Pacific kunye neSicwangciso seHlabathi seSifundo saseTshayina seSayensi yezeNtlalo, uthe ukwenziwa kwale mihla yinkqubo enkulu, kwaye umhlaba, abasebenzi, kunye neziseko zophuhliso ziyimfuneko yeemeko ezixhasayo. I-70% yomhlaba wase-Indiya ungowabucala, kwaye i-advanteji yabemi ayizange iguqulwe ibe yinzuzo yabasebenzi. Ngexesha lendyikityha yobhubhane, urhulumente waseIndiya wasebenzisa amandla emali, nto leyo ekhokelele ekwandeni kwamatyala angaphandle.

Ingxelo yamva nje ye-International Monetary Fund ibonisa ukuba “i-Indiya inelona nani liphezulu lamatyala kuzo zonke iimarike ezisakhulayo”.

Ezinye iingcali ngezoqoqosho ziqikelela ukuba ilahleko yoqoqosho yaseIndiya yangoku ifikelela kwiibhiliyoni ezi-4 zeedola zaseMelika. Ukuba lo bhubhani awulawulwa, unokujongana ne-5.5 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika kwilahleko yezoqoqosho veki nganye.

URahul Bagalil, iNtloko yezoQoqosho yaseIndiya kwiBhanki yaseBarclays e-United Kingdom: Ukuba asiwulawuli lo bhubhani okanye ubhubhane wesibini, le meko iya kuqhubeka kude kube nguJulayi okanye ngo-Agasti, kwaye ilahleko iya kunyuka ngokungafaniyo kwaye inokuba kufutshane malunga neebhiliyoni ezingama-90. US dollar (malunga 580 billion yuan).

Ukusukela ngo-2019, isikali saseIndiya sokungeniswa kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle sibalelwa kwi-2.1% kuphela yelizwe lonke, ngaphantsi kakhulu kunolunye uqoqosho olukhulu olufana neTshayina, iManyano yaseYurophu, kunye ne-United States.