Ukusetyenziswa kwedayi kwenza ubomi babantu bube nemibalabala.

Ukususela kwiimpahla ezisemzimbeni, isikhwama sesikolo ngasemva, njengesikhafu sokuhombisa, iqhina, elidla ngokusetyenziswa kwiilaphu eziphothiweyo, iilaphu eziphothiweyo kunye neemveliso zefiber, zidaywe ngombala obomvu, omthubi, omfusa kunye noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ngokomgaqo, njenge-organic compound, idayi, kwimo yemolekyuli okanye esasazekileyo, inika ezinye izinto umbala oqaqambileyo noqinileyo.

Ngokwenyani, iidayi ezisasazwayo luhlobo lwedayi engeyiyo ionic enonyibiliko oluphantsi lwamanzi.

Isakhiwo sayo se-molecular silula, i-solubility iphantsi, ukwenzela ukuba ikwazi ukusabalalisa kakuhle kwisisombululo, ngaphezu kokusila ngaphantsi kwee-microns ezi-2, kufuneka kwakhona yongeze i-dispersants eninzi, ukwenzela ukuba ihlakazeke. kwisisombululo ngokuthe ngcembe.Ngoko ke, olu hlobo lwedayi luyaziwa ngokubanzi njenge "disperse dye".

Inokwahlulwa ngokurhabaxa ibe yi-orenji, i-yellow, i-yellow, i-blue, isasaze ibomvu njalo njalo, imibala emininzi ngokuhambelana nemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo, inokufumana imibala emininzi. ezona dayi zibalulekileyo.

Ngenxa yokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kweedayi ezisasaza, ukuguquguquka kwexabiso lezinto zayo eziluhlaza kunye neemveliso nazo zichaphazela ukulungiswa ngokukhawuleza kwexabiso lezabelo zeenkampani ezidweliswe ezifanelekileyo.

Ngomhla wama-21 kuMatshi ka-2019, kwenzeka ugqabhuko-dubulo kwi-xiangshui Chenjiagang Tianjiayi Chemical Factory eYancheng.IKomidi eliPhakathi leCPC kunye neBhunga leSizwe lagxininisa ukubaluleka kokuqhuma.IPhondo laseJiangsu kunye namasebe afanelekileyo enza konke okusemandleni awo ukuhlangula nokuhlangula abantu abavela kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi bathandazela i-Xiangshui.

Emva kogqabhuko-dubulo, iipaki zemizi-mveliso yeekhemikhali kwilizwe lonke zaqalisa imisebenzi yokuhlola ukhuseleko ngexesha likaxakeka.I-Shaoxing Shangyu, idolophu enkulu yemveliso yedayi, nayo iqalise ukuhlolwa kokhuseleko kwingingqi ngokubanzi, okuya kubangela amashishini amachiza kwilizwe lonke ukuba akhalise i-alamu kwaye kufuneka asebenze ngokukhuselekileyo.

Iimveliso eziphambili zesityalo sekhemikhali ziquka i-disperse dyes kunye nezinye iidayi ezisebenzayo, iidayi ezithe ngqo eziphakathi - m-phenylenediamine.

Emva kogqabhuko-dubulo, amashishini ahlukeneyo asasaza idayi kunye nabavelisi abaphakathi bayekile ukwamkela ii-odolo, ezikhokelela ngokuthe ngqo ekunqongophelweni konikezelo lwe-m-phenylenediamine, ebopheleleke ukuba inyuse ukunyuka kwamaxabiso emveliso yedayi esezantsi.

Ixabiso lemarike ye-m-phenylenediamine liphindwe kabini ukususela ngo-Matshi 24, kwaye indibaniselwano yokunqongophala kwezitokhwe kunye nokubetha umthamo wokuvelisa kuya kutyhala amaxabiso edayi aphezulu.
Kwaye iinkampani ezimbalwa zasekhaya ezisasaza idayi ezidweliswe amaxabiso ezabelo ziye zanyuka kwaye zehla, akunzima ukuyiqonda.Kodwa ukuguquguquka kweedayi ezisasazekayo akusiyo isiganeko esizenzekelayo kwiminyaka yamuva nje, kwaye abantu kudala beqaphela ukuguquguquka kwexabiso layo lesitokhwe. .

➤ Ngokwembono yokhuphiswano lwemarike, imarike yedayi esasazwayo ithe ngokuthe ngcembe yenze imeko yokhuphiswano lwemalike ye-oligopoly, ngelixa imfuno yedayi esasazwayo izinzile.Ukonyuka koxinzelelo lwentengiso yedayi kuya kuchaphazela unikezelo lwentengiso kunye nemfuno, kuphuculwe amandla othethathethwano lwabathengisi, kwaye emva koko kukhuthaze ukunyuka kwamaxabiso entengiso yedayi.

Ngo-2018, ukusebenza kweenkampani ezidweliswe ngeedayi ezisasazwayo kwakungcono, kwaye ngo-2019, ukuba ukusebenza kuyaqhubeka nokukhula, ukunyuka kwexabiso lemveliso yeyona ndlela ichanekileyo kunye nesebenzayo.

Kwelinye icala, ngenxa yokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo kuqala, oku kuya kukhokelela ekubeni amaxabiso edayi asasazeke imveliso aya kuqhubeka nokugcina amaxabiso aphezulu.Hayi kuphela iindleko zolawulo lokusingqongileyo zinyuka, ezifana nohlengahlengiso lwamaxesha omlinganiselo wemveliso luya kuchaphazela unikezelo lwemarike yedayi. .

Nangona amanye amashishini asasaza idayi aye ayeka ukuvelisa aya kuthi ngokuthe ngcembe aqalise ukuvelisa, kuxhaphake kakhulu ukuba eyona mveliso yemveliso yedayi ingaphantsi kakhulu kunaleyo ingekanqunyanyiswa.

Umlo onzima wokuchasana nongcoliseko uya kutyhala amashishini amaninzi anomthamo ogqithileyo ukuba acinywe, kwaye ishishini ledayi kusenendlela ende ekufuneka ihambe.