Oololiwe bokuthutha impahla baseTshayina naseYurophu bahambise i-TEU ezizigidi ezili-1.35 kunyaka wonke, ukunyuka kwama-56% kwixesha elifanayo ngo-2019. Inani loololiwe bonyaka lidlule kwi-10,000 okokuqala, kwaye oololiwe abaqhelekileyo benyanga bahlala ngaphezulu kwe-1,000.

Kwiinyanga ezimbini zokuqala zalo nyaka, oololiwe bokuthutha impahla phakathi kweTshayina neYurophu kwiYangtze River Delta babesanda kakhulu, oololiwe abangama-523 kunye neeTEU ezingama-50,700 ezithunyelweyo, ngaphezulu kwenani eliphindwe kabini kwixesha elifanayo kunyaka ophelileyo. Uloliwe wokuthutha impahla phakathi kweTshayina neYurophu yikhabhini kunzima ukuyifumana, kwaye ufuna nendawo yokubhukisha ilotho.

Ukususela ngoMatshi, abathengi eSpain naseJamani baye ba-odola ezinye iimaski ezingama-40 ezigidi, kwaye imveliso icwangciselwe ukuya kutsho ngoMeyi. Ezi odolo zivela eYurophu ziza kuhanjiswa ngololiwe wokuthutha impahla waseTshayina-Yurophu. Nangona kunjalo, kutshanje, umthamo kaloliwe wokuthutha impahla waseTshayina-Yurophu uncinci, ikhabhini yokuqala kunzima ukuyifumana, kwaye nesidingo sokusasaza iindaba, ngoko ke amashishini amaninzi orhwebo lwangaphandle asekuhlaleni aphethe isihlalo esinzima.

Ngenxa yokuchaphazeleka ziintsholongwane zaphesheya kweelwandle, ixabiso lempahla yolwandle linyukile kwaye iindlela zokuthutha ngenqwelomoya zincitshisiwe kakhulu. Kwindawo efanayo, ixesha lesitimela sokuthutha imithwalo phakathi kweTshayina neYurophu liyi-1/3 yelo lempahla yolwandle kwaye ixabiso liyi-1/5 yempahla yomoya. Ukusebenza kweendleko eziphezulu kwesitimela sokuthutha imithwalo phakathi kweTshayina neYurophu kuye kwathandwa ngamashishini amaninzi asekuhlaleni.

Njengoko uloliwe wokuthutha impahla phakathi kweTshayina neYurophu unciphisa iindleko zamashishini ukuba athathe inxaxheba kuthotho lwezorhwebo lwehlabathi, ezinye iinkampani zorhwebo lwe-elektroniki ezinqumla imida nazo ziqalile ukukhetha uloliwe wokuthutha impahla phakathi kweTshayina neYurophu. Kwiziko lokujonga elikhawulezayo "elinqumla imida" eYiwu, iimpahla ezivela kumaqonga orhwebo lwe-elektroniki anqumla imida ziyahlolwa ngaphambi kokuba ziye phesheya ngololiwe wokuthutha impahla phakathi kweTshayina neYurophu ukuya kumazwe afana ne-UK, iFransi, iJamani, iRashiya, iPoland kunye neRiphabliki yaseCzech.

Iinkampani zorhwebo lwangaphandle kunye namaqonga e-e-commerce anqumla imida ajonge oololiwe bokuthutha impahla baseTshayina-Yurophu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba uWang axhalabe nangakumbi. Inkampani kaMnu. Wang kudala isenza iimpahla zemihla ngemihla kuloliwe wokuthutha impahla waseTshayina-Yurophu ukuze zihambe kulo lonke elaseYurophu, apho ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kuxineneyo kuthetha ukuba kukho imigca. Iimaski ezithengiswa ngobuninzi zaseDuisburg, eJamani, zipakishiwe kwaye zigqityiwe, kwaye ishedyuli yokucwangcisa uloliwe wokuthutha impahla waseTshayina-Yurophu icwangciselwe inyanga.

Ukusukela oko kwaqala ubhubhane lwe-COVID-19 kwihlabathi liphela, zombini iinqanawa kunye neenqwelo-moya ziye zachaphazeleka kakhulu, kodwa imfuno yoololiwe iqhubekile nokunyuka. Okwangoku, oololiwe bempahla be-Yiwu China-Europe banemizila eli-15 esebenzayo, edibanisa amazwe angama-49 kunye nemimandla kwilizwekazi lase-Eurasia kuquka iJamani, iSpain kunye neVietnam. Ukongeza kwiimpahla zasekuhlaleni, iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-100,000 zeempahla ezineelebheli ezenziwe eTshayina ezivela kumaphondo asibhozo kunye nezixeko, kubandakanya iShanghai, iJiangsu kunye ne-Anhui, nazo ziya kusasazwa eYiwu ukuze "zihambe kwihlabathi liphela" kuloliwe wempahla we-China-Europe.

Ngokwezibalo, kunyaka wonke ka-2020, oololiwe bokuthutha impahla abangama-974 baseTshayina-Yurophu basebenza eYiwu, kuquka oololiwe abahambayo abangama-891 kunye noololiwe ababuyayo abangama-83. Iibhokisi eziqhelekileyo ezingama-80,392 zizonke zathunyelwa, kunye nokukhula konyaka ngama-90.2%. Ngowama-2021, inani loololiwe bokuthutha impahla baseTshayina-Yurophu eYiwu libonisa umkhwa wokukhula ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle, isebe lokusebenza liphuhlise inkqubo yokusebenza koololiwe bokuthutha impahla, kunye nenkampani yokuthutha impahla, iqela leqonga loololiwe bokuthutha impahla kunye nesebe loololiwe basebenzisana, nto leyo ekwavumela ukusasazwa ngokukhawuleza kwezicelo zikaWang Hua kule nxalenye yendawo yokuthumela iimaski.

Ngenxa yeendleko eziphantsi kunezothutho ngenqwelo-moya kunye nexesha elincinci kunezothutho lwaselwandle, amashishini amaninzi e-commerce anqumla imida nawo asebenzisa ithuba lomoya wasempuma woololiwe bempahla phakathi kweTshayina neYurophu ukuze bahambe, ingakumbi ukungenisa iimpahla ezifunekayo eTshayina ngokusebenzisa uloliwe obuyayo.

Njengomthengi othembekileyo wesitimela sokubuya phakathi kweTshayina neYurophu, inkampani yorhwebo kwiphondo laseZhejiang ingenise iimveliso zokucoca ezivela ePortugal ukuya eTshayina ngololiwe kwaye yandisa kancinci imarike. Ukusuka kwiimveliso ezine ezizodwa ngo-2017 ukuya kuma-54 ngoku, kwiminyaka embalwa nje, iimveliso zabo ziye zafikelela kulwazi olupheleleyo lwamaqonga e-intanethi asekhaya, kwaye zingene kwiivenkile ezinkulu ezingaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi, kwaye intengiso yabo iqhubekile nokukhula ngamandla ngesantya sonyaka sokukhula se-30%.

Ekubeni le nkampani ineziseko zemveliso ePortugal, eSpain nasePoland, ngololiwe wokubuya we-"Yihai-New Europe", ufikelelo lwale nkampani luqinisekisiwe, kwaye ezinye iimveliso zexesha lonyaka ezifunekayo ngokukhawuleza kubathengi zinokungena kwimarike yaseTshayina ngokuthe chu nangokungathintelwa.

Ngenxa yokusebenza ngempumelelo kwe-China-Europe Railway Express, umgangatho womthi, iwayini kunye nezinye "izinto ezizodwa" zasekuhlaleni eYurophu kulula ukuzifikelela kubantu abaqhelekileyo nge-China-Europe Railway Express. Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuFebruwari kulo nyaka, oololiwe bokuthutha impahla ebuyayo baseZhejiang Sino-Europe bafikelele kwi-104 3560 TEU, kwaye iimpahla zoololiwe bokuthutha impahla ebuyayo yayizizixhobo zemveliso ezifana nomthi, ubhedu lwe-electrolytic kunye nomsonto wekotoni.

Kwiphondo laseZhejiang okwangoku, iChina-EU iqeqesha umgca wokusebenza ukuya kwi-28, i-UNICOM inamazwe angama-69 kunye nemimandla, iimpahla zothutho zase-Eurasia zigubungela izixhobo, iimveliso zelaphu, iinxalenye zeemoto, izinto zasekhaya, iimpahla kunye nezixhobo kwicandelo lezixhobo zobunjineli kunye nokuthintela ubhubhane, kwaye ziba zezona zinkulu kweli lizwe, ukuya kwicala lokusebenza izinga lomthwalo kwaye izinga lokubuyela liphezulu, enye yezona ziloliwe ziphakathi zikhula ngokukhawuleza.

Ngenxa yokuhamba rhoqo kweempahla zingena kwaye ziphuma kwiSitishi saseYiwu West, kuya kubakho ukungena kweekhonteyina ezili-150 yonke imihla xa ziphezulu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba umthamo wokugcina wonke we-3000 TEU yeSitishi saseYiwu West uphantse ugcwale. Ukuze kuphuculwe umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwe-CFS, amasebe kaloliwe athatha amanyathelo amaninzi ngaxeshanye, ngokwandiswa komthamo weyadi yekhonteyina, indawo yokugcina imithwalo, ukulayisha nokukhupha oomatshini bayaphucula, benze umsebenzi wesikolo, kuqikelelwa ukuba phakathi kowama-2021, umthamo wekhonteyina uya kwanda ukusuka kwi-15% yangoku, ukusebenza kakuhle kokulayisha nokukhupha kunokwandiswa nge-30%, kunokuqinisekisa ngokufanelekileyo imfuno yomthamo weshishini lokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle.

Ngelixa kuqinisekiswa umthamo wothutho, ukuthintela ubhubhane kunye nokubulawa kweempahla ezingenisiweyo nako kubaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yangoku yokusasazeka kweempahla. Ukongeza ekugqityweni kokugonyelwa i-COVID-19 ngabo bonke abasebenzi abaphambili, zonke iimpahla ezingenisiweyo ziya kulawulwa kwaye zibulawe ngabasebenzi abakhethekileyo kwiindawo ezimiselweyo zeZibuko likaLoliwe laseYiwu ngaphambi kokuba zithunyelwe. Ulwazi malunga nokuba ziphi iimpahla luya kulandelwa kuyo yonke inkqubo ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iimpahla ezingenisiweyo ziyalandelelwa kwaye zibhalwe phantsi.