Idayi ezisebenzayo zinemibala eqaqambileyo kunye neechromatograms ezipheleleyo. Iyaziwa ngesicelo sayo esilula, ixabiso eliphantsi, kunye nokukhawuleza okubalaseleyo. Ngokukodwa ngophuhliso lwemicu ye-cellulose kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iidayi ezisebenzayo ziye zaba lolona hlobo lubalulekileyo lwedayi kwi-cellulose fiber textile dyeing.

Kodwa eyona ngxaki ibalaseleyo yeedayi ezisebenzayo lizinga eliphantsi lokudinwa kunye nezinga lokulungiswa. Kwinkqubo yendabuko yokudaya i-fiber cellulose, ukwenzela ukuba kuphuculwe ukuthatyathwa kwedayi kunye nesantya sokulungiswa kweedayi ezisebenzayo, inani elikhulu letyuwa ye-inorganic (i-sodium chloride okanye i-sodium sulfate) kufuneka yongezwe. Ngokuxhomekeke kwisakhiwo sedayi kunye nombala, umthamo wetyuwa osetyenziswayo ngokubanzi ngu-30 ukuya kwi-150 g/L. Nangona inkqubela enkulu yenziwe kunyango lweekhompawundi eziphilayo ekushicileleni nasekudayeni amanzi amdaka, ukongezwa komthamo omkhulu weetyuwa ezingaphiliyo kwinkqubo yokudaya ayinakunyangwa ngeendlela ezilula zomzimba kunye nezakhemikhali.

Uphando kwiteknoloji yeedayi ezisebenzayo kunye nedayi engenatyuwa

Ukusuka kumbono we-ecological, ukukhutshwa kwe-high-sanity printing kunye nokudaya amanzi amdaka atshintsha ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho wamanzi wemilambo kunye namachibi kwaye kutshabalalisa i-ecological environment.
umfanekiso
Ukugqithiswa okuphezulu kwetyuwa kuya kubangela ukufakwa kwetyuwa kumhlaba ojikeleze imilambo kunye namachibi, ukunciphisa isivuno sezityalo. Ngamafutshane, ukusetyenziswa kwesixa esikhulu seetyuwa ezingaphiliyo akunakuthotywa okanye kusetyenziswe kwakhona, kwaye kwangaxeshanye kunempembelelo embi kakhulu kumgangatho wamanzi nomhlaba. Ngokusekwe koku, eli nqaku liphonononga inkqubela yophando lwamva nje lwetekhnoloji yokudaya engenatyuwa, kwaye ixoxa ngokucwangcisiweyo ngotshintsho lwesakhiwo sedayi enetyuwa ephantsi, itekhnoloji yokuxhunyelelwa, kunye netekhnoloji yokudibanisa.

Idayi ezisebenzayo zokudaya ezingenatyuwa

Iimpawu ezibalaseleyo zedayi ezisebenzayo sisakhiwo esincinci semolekyuli, i-hydrophilicity elungileyo, kunye nokuhlamba ngokulula kombala odadayo emva kokulungiswa. Olu lutshintsho olubalulekileyo kuyilo lweemolekyuli zedayi. Kodwa oku kubangela ukuba izinga lokuphelelwa kwedayi kunye nezinga lokulungiswa liphantsi, kwaye inani elikhulu letyuwa kufuneka lifakwe ngexesha lokudaya. Ukukhokelela ekulahlekeni kwamanzi amdaka anetyuwa eninzi kunye nedayi, ngaloo ndlela inyusa iindleko zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka. Ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo luyingozi. Ezinye iinkampani zedayi zaqala ukunikela ingqalelo ekuhlolweni nasekuphuculweni kwezandulela zedayi kunye namaqela asebenzayo, kunye nokuphuhlisa idayi esebenzayo yokudaya ityuwa encinci. I-CibacronLs eqaliswe nguCiba luhlobo lwedayi yetyuwa ephantsi esebenzisa amaqela asebenzayo ahlukeneyo ukudibanisa. Uphawu lwale dayi kukuba ubungakanani betyuwa obusetyenziswa ukudaya yi-1/4 ukuya kwi-1/2 yedayi ezisebenzayo ngokubanzi. Ayinaluvelwano kutshintsho kumlinganiselo wokuhlambela kwaye inokuvelisa kwakhona okulungileyo. Olu hlobo lwedayi ubukhulu becala ludiphu ukudaya kwaye lunokusetyenziswa kunye nedayi ezisasaza ukudaywa kwebhafu enye yepolyester/imixube yomqhaphu.

I-Sumitomo Corporation yaseJapan icebise uluhlu lweendlela zokudaya ezifanelekileyo kwiidayi zeSumifux Supra. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-LETfS staining method. Isixa setyuwa ye-inorganic esetyenziswe kule ndlela yi-1/2 kuphela kwi-1/3 yenkqubo yendabuko, kwaye umlinganiselo wokuhlamba unokufikelela kwi-1:10. Kwaye yasungula uluhlu lweedayi ezisebenzayo ezihambelana nenkqubo. Olu luhlu lweedayi luyi-heterobi-reactive dyes eyenziwe yi-monochloros-triazine kunye ne-B-ethylsulfone sulfate. Isixa sedayi eshiyekileyo kumanzi amdaka okudaya kolu luhlu lwedayi kuphela yi-25% -30% yesiqulatho sedayi kumanzi amdaka asebenzayo asebenzayo. Kucetyiswa ukudaywa kweefiber zeTencel. Ibonisa ukusebenza kwesicelo okugqwesileyo ngokwezinga lokulungisa, ukuvasa lula, kunye nokuqina okwahlukeneyo kweemveliso ezidayiweyo.

Inkampani ye-DyStar yasungula i-RemazolEF yeedayi ezilungele ukudaya ngaphandle kwetyuwa, iqela elisebenzayo liyi-B-hydroxyethyl sulfone sulfate, kwaye liqalise inkqubo yokudaya engenatyuwa ngaphandle kokusingqongileyo. Ubungakanani betyuwa ye-inorganic esetyenzisiweyo yi-1/3 yenkqubo yesiqhelo. Inkqubo yokudaya imfutshane. Ukongeza, inkqubo igubungela uluhlu olubanzi lweechromatogram. Uluhlu lwemibala emithathu ephambili inokudityaniswa ukufumana imibala eqaqambileyo. Inkampani yeClariant (Clariant) iqalise uchungechunge lweDrimareneHF lweedayi ezisebenzayo, ngokukodwa kwiindidi ze-4: DrimareneBlueHF-RL, 戡ownHF-2RL, NavyHF-G, RedHF-G, esetyenziselwa ukudaya kokuphelelwa amandla kunye nokudaywa okuqhubekayo kweefiber ze-cellulose, ukusebenza kwesicelo kunye nokulungileyo. ukukhawuleza. Izinga lokulungiswa liphezulu kakhulu, ityuwa ephantsi kunye nomlinganiselo ophantsi wotywala. Ukulungiswa okuphakathi, ukuhlamba okulungileyo.

Ezinye iidayi ezisebenzayo ezisanda kuphuhliswa zinokunyusa ukuthe ngqo kwedayi ngokwandisa umthamo weemolekyuli zedayi kunye nokunciphisa inani leetyuwa ezingaphiliyo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuqaliswa kwamaqela e-urea kunokunyusa ngokuthe ngqo kwamaqela asebenzayo kunye nokunciphisa inani leetyuwa ze-inorganic. Ukuphucula izinga lokulungisa; kukho kwakhona i-polyazo dye precursors (efana ne-trisazo, i-tetraazo) ukwandisa ukuthe ngqo kwedayi, kunye nokufezekisa injongo yokudaya ngaphandle kwetyuwa. Impembelelo ephezulu yokuthintela i-steric yezinye iidayi kwisakhiwo sinokutshintsha ngokuphawulekayo ukuphinda kusebenze amaqela asebenzayo edayi ezisebenzayo kunye nenani letyuwa elisetyenziselwa ukudaya. Ezi ziphumo zokuthintelwa kwesteric kukwazisa ngokubanzi izinto zealkyl kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwimatrix yedayi. Iimpawu zabo ezisisiseko zolwakhiwo zishwankathelwa ngabaphengululi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Iqela lokuqala elisebenzayo SO: CH2CH: oS03Na inokuba kwimeta okanye kwindawo yepara yeringi yebenzene;

I-R3 inokuba kwi-ortho, inter, okanye indawo yepara yeringi yebenzene. Ifomula yolwakhiwo yi-vinyl sulfone reactive idayi.

Abatshintshi abahlukeneyo okanye izikhundla ezahlukeneyo zokutshintsha kwiidayi zinokufikelela kwixabiso elifanayo lokudaya phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo zokudaya, kodwa izixa zabo zetyuwa zokudaya zahluke kakhulu.

Idayi ebalaseleyo enetyuwa ephantsi kufuneka ibe nezi mpawu zilandelayo: 1) Ubungakanani betyuwa obusetyenziselwa ukudaya buyancipha kakhulu; 2) Ukudaya kwindawo yokuhlambela yedayi ephantsi, ukudaya ukuzinza; 3) Ukuhlamba kakuhle. Ukunciphisa ixesha emva kokulungiswa; 4) Ukuveliswa kwakhona okugqwesileyo. Ngokubhekiselele kuphuculo lwedayi, ukongeza kuphuculo olukhankanywe ngasentla lwesakhiwo sematriki yedayi kunye nokudityaniswa okufanelekileyo kwamaqela asebenzayo, abanye abantu baye bahlanganisa into ebizwa ngokuba yi-cationic reactive idayi, enodaywa ngaphandle kokufaka ityuwa. Umz. Idayi yeCationic reactive yolu lwakhiwo lulandelayo:

Inokubonwa kwifomula engentla ukuba umzimba wombala uqhagamshelwe kwiqela elisebenzayo le-monochloro-triazine. Iqela le-pyridine quaternary ammonium nalo lifakwe kwiringi ye-s-triazine. Idayi ihlawuliswa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye iqela le-quaternary ammonium liqela elinyibilikayo emanzini. Ekubeni akukho ntlawulo ihlawuliswayo kuphela phakathi kweemolekyuli zedayi kunye nefayibha, kodwa kunye nokutsalwa kweentlawulo ezilungileyo kunye nezibi, idayi ilula ukusondela kumphezulu wefiber kunye ne-adsorb kwifayibha edayiweyo. Ubukho be-electrolytes kwisisombululo sokudaya akuyi kuvelisa kuphela umphumo wokukhuthaza idayi, kodwa kunciphisa umtsalane phakathi kwedayi kunye nefiber, ngoko ke olu hlobo lwedayi lunokudaywa ngaphandle kokongeza i-electrolyte yokudaya ngaphandle kwetyuwa. Inkqubo yokudaya ifana nedayi eqhelekileyo esebenzayo. Kwiidayi ezisebenzayo ze-monochloros-triazine, i-sodium carbonate isayongezwa njenge-agent yokulungisa. Ubushushu bokulungisa bujikeleze i-85℃. Izinga lokuthathwa kwedayi lingafikelela kwi-90% ukuya kwi-94%, kwaye izinga lokulungisa liyi-80% ukuya kwi-90%. Inokukhanya okulungileyo kunye nokukhawuleza kokuhlamba. Iidayi ezifanayo ze-cationic ezisebenzayo nazo ziye zabika ukusebenzisa i-monofluoro-s-triazine njengeqela elisebenzayo. Umsebenzi we-monofluoro-s-triazine uphezulu kune-monochloro-s-triazine.

Ezi dayi nazo zinokudaywa kwi-cotton / acrylic blends, kunye nezinye iimpawu zedayi (ezifana nokulinganisa kunye nokuhambelana, njl.) kufuneka zifundwe ngakumbi. Kodwa ibonelela ngendlela entsha yefiber yeselulosi ukwenza idayi engenatyuwa.